DE102004055104A1 - Cold/temperature hardenable coating solution, useful for e.g. decorating and/or functionalizing ceramic substrates e.g. bricks and tiles, comprises effective pigments and silicon-, aluminum-, boron- and/or zirconium containing stabilizers - Google Patents

Cold/temperature hardenable coating solution, useful for e.g. decorating and/or functionalizing ceramic substrates e.g. bricks and tiles, comprises effective pigments and silicon-, aluminum-, boron- and/or zirconium containing stabilizers Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102004055104A1
DE102004055104A1 DE200410055104 DE102004055104A DE102004055104A1 DE 102004055104 A1 DE102004055104 A1 DE 102004055104A1 DE 200410055104 DE200410055104 DE 200410055104 DE 102004055104 A DE102004055104 A DE 102004055104A DE 102004055104 A1 DE102004055104 A1 DE 102004055104A1
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Prior art keywords
aluminum
tiles
coating solution
silicon
boron
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Ceased
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DE200410055104
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German (de)
Inventor
Martin Dr. Schichtel
Jörg Walter Dipl.-Ing. Jodlauk (FH)
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VIKING ADVANCED MATERIALS GMBH, 66123 SAARBRUE, DE
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VIKING ADVANCED MATERIALS GmbH
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Priority to DE200410055104 priority Critical patent/DE102004055104A1/en
Publication of DE102004055104A1 publication Critical patent/DE102004055104A1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/0009—Pigments for ceramics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
    • C04B41/5037—Clay, Kaolin
    • C04B41/504—Engobes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/0015—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/36—Pearl essence, e.g. coatings containing platelet-like pigments for pearl lustre
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00586—Roofing materials

Abstract

Cold/temperature hardenable coating solution (I), for clay and/or ceramic wares and facade, comprises one or more effective pigments and silicon-, aluminum-, boron- and/or zirconium containing stabilizers.

Description

Üblicherweise werden Keramiken zur Veredlung der Oberfläche mit Glasuren oder Engoben überzogen und anschließend gebrannt. Diese Überzugsmassen, die sowohl dekorative als auch funktionelle Aspekte der Veredlung tragen, sind seit langem Stand der Technik. Es besteht nach wie vor ein sehr hoher Bedarf an dekorativen Beschichtungen, sowohl im Innen- als auch im Außenbereich.Usually Ceramics are coated with glazes or engobes to refine the surface and subsequently burned. These coating compositions, the decorative as well as functional aspects of the finishing wear, have long been state of the art. It persists after a very high demand for decorative coatings, both indoors as well as outdoors.

Auch die zur Dekoration verwendeten Effektpigmente wurden bereits in zahlreichen Patenten und Patentanmeldungen ( DE 14 67 468 , DE 20 09 566 , DE 21 06 613 , DE 22 14 545 , DE 22 15 191 , DE 22 44298 , DE 23 13 331 , DE 31 51 343 , EP 0 608 388 B1 ) beschrieben. Es handelt sich in der Regel um plättchen- oder stäbchenförmige Substrate, wie Schichtsilikate, die mit einer oder mehreren Schichten andersartiger Oxide beschichtet sind. Normalerweise werden Glimmer, Talkum, Kaoline, Eisenoxide, Glas- und Metallflakes als Substrate eingesetzt und in einem weiteren Schritt mit farbigen oder farblosen Metalloxiden gecoatet (Monolayer bis Multilayercoatings).The effect pigments used for decoration have also been described in numerous patents and patent applications (US Pat. DE 14 67 468 . DE 20 09 566 . DE 21 06 613 . DE 22 14 545 . DE 22 15 191 . DE 22 44298 . DE 23 13 331 . DE 31 51 343 . EP 0 608 388 B1 ). They are usually platelet- or rod-shaped substrates, such as sheet silicates, which are coated with one or more layers of different oxides. Usually, mica, talc, kaolins, iron oxides, glass and metal flakes are used as substrates and coated in a further step with colored or colorless metal oxides (monolayer to multilayer coatings).

Die mit diesen Pigmenten gefüllten Engoben oder Glasuren zeigen üblicherweise eine schlechte Haftung auf Tondachsteinen und sind auf Betondachsteinen oder Fassadenbauteilen (innen und außen), die keine Temperaturbehandlung erfahren, nicht einsetzbar.The filled with these pigments Engobes or glazes usually show a bad adhesion on clay roof tiles and are on concrete roof tiles or facade components (inside and outside) that do not require heat treatment experienced, not usable.

EP 1 013 628 A2 beschreibt ein Verfahren, welches Engoben mittels Fritten modifiziert, s.d. die effektpigmentgefüllten Engoben eine verbesserte Haftung auf den Tonziegeln zeigen. Allerdings geht durch den Einsatz der Fritte ein Großteil der Farbbrillianz und des Glanzes der Effektpigmente verloren, was an einer chemischen Reaktion der Fritte mit Bestandteilen der Oxidhülle, insbesondere bei Titandioxid- und Eisenoxidumhüllten Pigmenten, liegt. Desweiteren können in der Regel nur Eisenoxid beschichtete Pigmente eingesetzt werden, was die Farbskala deutlich einschränkt. EP 1 013 628 A2 describes a method which modifies engobes by means of frits, the effect pigment filled engobes show improved adhesion to the clay tiles. However, most of the color brilliance and gloss of the effect pigments is lost through the use of the frit, due to a chemical reaction of the frit with constituents of the oxide shell, in particular titanium dioxide and iron oxide coated pigments. Furthermore, usually only iron oxide coated pigments can be used, which significantly limits the color scale.

Bisher ist keine Beschichtungsvariante bekannt, die hohe Farbbrillianz einer Vielzahl von Metallik- und Perglanzfarben mit hervorragender Haftung auf dem Substrat verbindet. Überraschenderweise wurde nun gefunden, dass Beschichtungslösungen durch Zugabe verschiedener Substanzen, wie z.B. Silikonharze, Wassergläsern, Kieselsolen, Borsäure, Aluminiumphosphate, also in der Regel durch Silizium- und/oder Aluminium- und/oder Bor- und/oder zikronhaltigen Verbindungen, eine überaus hohe Haftung und extrem hohe Brillianz der Effektschicht zeigen. Insbesondere temperaturempfindliche Perlglanzpigmente werden durch diese Additive stabilisiert, s.d. sie sich z.B. in einer Engobe selbst bei 1.200°C brennen lassen. Wichtig ist daher, das Verwenden oligo- oder polymerer Siliziumverbindungen als Stabilisator für die verwendeten, teilweise temperaturempflindlichen, Pigmente.So far No coating variant is known, the high color brilliance a variety of metallic and pearlescent colors with excellent Bonding on the substrate connects. Surprisingly, now found that coating solutions by adding various substances, e.g. Silicone resins, water glasses, silica sols, boric acid, aluminum phosphates, So usually by silicon and / or aluminum and / or boron and / or zikronhaltigen Connections, a very high Show adhesion and extremely high brilliance of the effect layer. Especially temperature-sensitive pearlescent pigments are stabilized by these additives, s.d. they are e.g. burn in an engobe even at 1200 ° C to let. It is therefore important to use oligomeric or polymeric silicon compounds as a stabilizer for the used, partially temperaturempflindlichen, pigments.

Diese Aufgaben werden erfindungsgemäß durch die beanspruchte Beschichtungslösung sowie das Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Beschichtung gelöst.These Tasks are performed according to the invention the claimed coating solution and the method for producing this coating solved.

Durch die Erfindung konnte das Farbspektrum von Metall- und Perlglanzeffekten für keramische Bauteile, wie Ziegel, Fliesen und Fassaden deutlich erweitert werden.By The invention has been able to provide the color spectrum of metal and pearlescent effects for ceramic components, as bricks, tiles and facades are significantly expanded.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtungslösungen enthalten 1 Gew% bis 70 Gew% Effektpigment, vorzugsweise 5 Gew% bis 40 Gew% und insbesondere 5 Gew% bis 15 Gew% Effektstoff. Hierbei kann es sich auch um ein Gemisch von zwei oder mehreren Effektstoffen, um Gemische mit einem oder mehreren Pigmenten (farbige Metalloxide oder färbende organische Pigmente) und um Gemische aus einem oder mehreren Effektstoffen und/oder einem oder mehreren Pigmenten und Metallfarbsalzen handeln.The Contain coating solutions according to the invention 1% by weight to 70% by weight of effect pigment, preferably 5% by weight to 40% by weight and in particular 5% by weight to 15% by weight of effect substance. It can do this It is also a mixture of two or more effect substances Mixtures with one or more pigments (colored metal oxides or coloring organic pigments) and mixtures of one or more effect substances and / or one or more pigments and metal color salts.

Die erfindungsgemäße Beschichtungslösung enthält des Weiteren zwischen 1 Gew% und 95 Gew% Wasser, zwischen 1 Gew% und 60 Gew% eines silizium-, und/oder aluminium-, und/oder Bor-, und/oder zikronhaltigen Stabilisators und ein oder mehrere Additive (z.B. Dispergiermittel, Antiabsetzmittel, Benetzungshilfen, Verlaufsmittel, Verdicker, Flußmittel usw.).The The coating solution of the invention further contains between 1% by weight and 95% by weight of water, between 1% by weight and 60% by weight a silicon, and / or aluminum, and / or boron, and / or zikronhaltigen Stabilizer and one or more additives (e.g., dispersants, Anti-settling agents, wetting aids, leveling agents, thickeners, fluxes etc.).

Die Beschichtungslösung enthält, je nach Härtebedingungen unterschiedliche Anteile an Tonen, Silikaten, und Aluminiumphosphaten. Bei brandhärtenden Beschichtungen werden üblicherweise typische Engobenzusammensetzungen in Kombination mit den siliziumhaltigen Stabilisatoren für die Effektpigmente eingesetzt. Die kalthärtenden Systeme (10°C bis 250°C) enthalten anstelle der Tonmineralien Bestandteile von Mineralfarben und/oder Silanen, Silikonharze, Phosphate, usw..The coating solution contains depending on hardening conditions different proportions of clays, silicates, and aluminum phosphates. For fire-hardening Coatings become common typical engobe compositions in combination with the siliceous ones Stabilizers for the effect pigments used. The cold-curing systems (10 ° C to 250 ° C) contain Instead of the clay minerals components of mineral paints and / or Silanes, silicone resins, phosphates, etc ..

Die Mahlfeinheit liegt, je nach Anwendung und gewünschter Oberflächenstrukturierung, zwischen 50 nm und 300 μm, vorzugsweise zwischen 200 nm und 30 μm. Als Mahlverfahren kommen sowohl Trocken- als auch Nassmahlverfahren zur Anwendung. Das Effektpigment kann vor oder nach dem Mahlvorgang untergemischt werden.The Grinding fineness is, depending on the application and desired surface structuring, between 50 nm and 300 μm, preferably between 200 nm and 30 μm. As a milling process come Both dry and wet grinding method for use. The effect pigment can be mixed in before or after the grinding process.

Die fertige Beschichtungslösung kann mit den üblichen Applikationsverfahren (Pinseln, Rollen, Dippen, Sprühen, Walzen, usw.) aufgetragen werden. Die brandhärtenden Systeme können sowohl unter oxidierenden als auch unter reduzierenden Bedingungen gebrannt werden. Wahlweise sind diese Beschichtungslösungen auch schnellbrandgeeignet.The finished coating solution can with the usual application methods (brushes, rollers, dipping, spraying, rolling, etc.) are applied. The fire-hardening systems can be fired under both oxidizing and reducing conditions. Alternatively, these coating solutions are also suitable for rapid firing.

Die Beschichtungslösung dient zum Dekorieren und/oder zum Funktionalisieren keramischer Bauteile, wie Tondachziegel, Schiefer, Betondachsteinen, Klinker, Fliesen, Fassaden, und anderer Ton- und Keramikwaren.The coating solution serves for decorating and / or functionalizing ceramic components, like clay roof tiles, slates, concrete roof tiles, clinker, tiles, Facades, and other clay and ceramic goods.

Die folgenden Beispiele zeigen auszugsweise die Zusammensetzung der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtungslösung, ohne Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit der Farb- und Effektreihe.The The following examples show in part the composition of coating solution according to the invention, without right to completeness the color and effect series.

Beispiel 1:Example 1:

GelbSilber optimaler Brennbereich 1090°C–1170°C)Yellow silver optimal burning range To 1090 ° C-1170 ° C)

  • 21 g Budapur 2 (MAP)21 g of Budapest 2 (MAP)
  • 18g Silres ME 4018g Silres ME 40
  • 33g Engobe aus M500 (Mühlenbach) mit Litergewicht 1280–1320g/l; <18μm33g Engobe from M500 (Mühlenbach) with liter weight 1280-1320g / l; <18μm
  • 17g Iriodin Gold Star 30717g Iriodin Gold Star 307
  • 2g Ammoniummolybdat2g ammonium molybdate

Beispiel 2:Example 2:

CremeSilber: optimaler Brennbereich 1050°C–1190°C)CreamSilver: optimal Burning range 1050 ° C-1190 ° C)

  • 12g Wacker BS 100112g Wacker BS 1001
  • 11 g Kieselsol (40%)11 g silica sol (40%)
  • 38g Engobe aus Setlitzer Kaolin (Mühlenbach) mit Litergewicht 1300g/l; <15μm38g Engobe from Setlitzer kaolin (mill stream) with liter weight 1300g / l; <15 microns
  • 15g Phoenix Pigment PX 400015g Phoenix Pigment PX 4000
  • 1 g Nanocor1 g Nanocor
  • 1,5g Ammoniumvanadat1.5g ammonium vanadate
  • 1g PVP K60 (ISP)1g PVP K60 (ISP)

Beispiel 3:Example 3:

BraunSilber: optimaler Brennbereich 1110°C–1220°C)BraunSilber: optimal Firing range 1110 ° C-1220 ° C)

  • 30g Lithiumwasserglas aus eigener Herstellung (Li2O : 6,1 SiO2)30g lithium water glass from own production (Li 2 O: 6,1 SiO 2 )
  • 40g Engobe aus Odenwälder Ton mit Litergewicht 1400 g/l; <5μm40g engobe from Odenwälder Clay with a liter weight of 1400 g / l; <5 microns
  • 18g Iriodin 53218g Iriodin 532
  • 1,75g Zirkonnitrat (50 % Lösung)1.75g zirconium nitrate (50% solution)
  • 1,5g Böhmit1,5g boehmite
  • 1,1 g Walocell 40000 PV1.1 g Walocell 40000 PV

Claims (6)

Kalt- oder Temperaturhärtende Beschichtungslösung für Ton und/oder Keramikwaren und Fassaden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ein oder mehrere Effektpigmente und Silizium- und/oder Aluminium- und/oder Bor- und/oder zirkonhaltige Stabilisatoren enthalten.Cold or temperature-curing coating solution for clay and / or ceramic goods and facades, characterized in that they contain one or more effect pigments and silicon and / or aluminum and / or boron and / or zirconium-containing stabilizers. Beschichtungslösungen nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zwischen 1 °Gew% und 70 Gew% Effektstoff enthalten.coating solutions according to claim 1, characterized in that the between 1 ° wt% and Contain 70% by weight of effect substance. Beschichtungslösungen nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zusätzlich einen organischen oder anorganischen Farbstoff enthalten.coating solutions according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that they additionally an organic or inorganic dye. Beschichtungslösungen nach Anspruch 1 bis 2, respektive 1–3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zusätzlich Metallfarbsalze enthalten.coating solutions according to claim 1 to 2, or 1-3, characterized that in addition Metal salts included. Beschichtungslösungen nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Effektpigmente mit Metallen oder Metalloxiden beschichtete plättchen oder stäbchenförmige Substrate sind.coating solutions according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the effect pigments with Metals or metal oxides coated platelets or rod-shaped substrates are. Beschichtungslösungen nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zum Dekorieren und/oder Funktionalisieren keramischer Substrate, wie Ziegel, Klinker, Fliesen und Fassaden verwendet wird.coating solutions according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that they are for decorating and / or Functionalization of ceramic substrates, such as bricks, clinker, tiles and facades is used.
DE200410055104 2004-11-15 2004-11-15 Cold/temperature hardenable coating solution, useful for e.g. decorating and/or functionalizing ceramic substrates e.g. bricks and tiles, comprises effective pigments and silicon-, aluminum-, boron- and/or zirconium containing stabilizers Ceased DE102004055104A1 (en)

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DE200410055104 DE102004055104A1 (en) 2004-11-15 2004-11-15 Cold/temperature hardenable coating solution, useful for e.g. decorating and/or functionalizing ceramic substrates e.g. bricks and tiles, comprises effective pigments and silicon-, aluminum-, boron- and/or zirconium containing stabilizers

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DE200410055104 DE102004055104A1 (en) 2004-11-15 2004-11-15 Cold/temperature hardenable coating solution, useful for e.g. decorating and/or functionalizing ceramic substrates e.g. bricks and tiles, comprises effective pigments and silicon-, aluminum-, boron- and/or zirconium containing stabilizers

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008047307A1 (en) 2008-09-16 2010-05-12 JODLAUK, Jörg Composition of a frit-free coating mass, where the frit and flux are replaced against silicon-free particle of large specific surface, useful to produce e.g. protective coatings for boilers, combustion boilers and furnace linings

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3121670A1 (en) * 1981-05-30 1982-12-16 Herberts Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Pigmented, air-drying varnish and use thereof
US4518726A (en) * 1981-04-27 1985-05-21 Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Metallic base paint
EP0562531A1 (en) * 1992-03-27 1993-09-29 Kansai Paint Co., Ltd. Method of forming coating films
US20040116554A1 (en) * 2001-11-29 2004-06-17 Nirupama Karunaratne White pearlescent paint compositions and coatings

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4518726A (en) * 1981-04-27 1985-05-21 Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Metallic base paint
DE3121670A1 (en) * 1981-05-30 1982-12-16 Herberts Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Pigmented, air-drying varnish and use thereof
EP0562531A1 (en) * 1992-03-27 1993-09-29 Kansai Paint Co., Ltd. Method of forming coating films
US20040116554A1 (en) * 2001-11-29 2004-06-17 Nirupama Karunaratne White pearlescent paint compositions and coatings

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008047307A1 (en) 2008-09-16 2010-05-12 JODLAUK, Jörg Composition of a frit-free coating mass, where the frit and flux are replaced against silicon-free particle of large specific surface, useful to produce e.g. protective coatings for boilers, combustion boilers and furnace linings

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