DE102008007640A1 - Photovoltaic module, has solar cell layer with solar cell, surface-layer that is radiation permeable, and hydrophobic coating coated on surface-layer, where coating is UV resistant and exhibits chemical bond with surface-layer - Google Patents

Photovoltaic module, has solar cell layer with solar cell, surface-layer that is radiation permeable, and hydrophobic coating coated on surface-layer, where coating is UV resistant and exhibits chemical bond with surface-layer Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102008007640A1
DE102008007640A1 DE200810007640 DE102008007640A DE102008007640A1 DE 102008007640 A1 DE102008007640 A1 DE 102008007640A1 DE 200810007640 DE200810007640 DE 200810007640 DE 102008007640 A DE102008007640 A DE 102008007640A DE 102008007640 A1 DE102008007640 A1 DE 102008007640A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
layer
coating
solar cell
photovoltaic module
surface layer
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Ceased
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DE200810007640
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German (de)
Inventor
Peter Prof. Dr. Woditsch
Dietmar Dr. Wewers
Boris Klebensberger
Raymund Dr. Sonnenschein
Martin Dipl.-Ing. Hirsch
Eckhard Just
Armin Dr. Müller
Alexander Dipl.-Ing. Ohnesorge
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SolarWorld Industries Sachsen GmbH
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Deutsche Solar GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche Solar GmbH filed Critical Deutsche Solar GmbH
Priority to DE200810007640 priority Critical patent/DE102008007640A1/en
Publication of DE102008007640A1 publication Critical patent/DE102008007640A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Abstract

The module (1) has a solar cell layer (4) with a solar cell, a surface layer (3) that is radiation permeable, and a hydrophobic coating (6) coated on the surface layer, where the coating is UV resistant and exhibits a chemical bond with the surface layer. The coating in the initial condition exhibits an alkoxy-silane component, an alcohol component, or a fluoroalkylsilane component. The solar cell layer is arranged between the surface layer and a rear side layer (2). The rear side layer, the surface layer and the solar cell layer are held together by a frame (5).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Photovoltaik-Modul mit einer hydrophoben Beschichtung.The The invention relates to a photovoltaic module with a hydrophobic Coating.

Üblicherweise bestehen Photovoltaik-Module aus einem mehrschichtigen Verbundsystem, bei welchem eine Glasplatte den sonnenseitigen Abschluss bildet. Die Oberfläche der Glasplatte ist Witterungseinflüssen ausgesetzt. Insbesondere nimmt der Verschmutzungsgrad der Oberfläche der Glasplatte mit der Zeit zu. Dies führt zu einer Minderung des transmittierten Strahlungsanteils und somit zu einer Verschlechterung des Wirkungsgrades des Photovoltaik-Moduls.Usually consist photovoltaic modules of a multilayer composite system, in which a glass plate forms the solar side conclusion. The surface the glass plate is exposed to the weather. Especially takes the degree of contamination of the surface of the glass plate with the Time to. this leads to to a reduction of the transmitted radiation component and thus to a deterioration of the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Photovoltaik-Modul zu schaffen, welches beständiger gegenüber Witterungseinflüssen ist.It It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a photovoltaic module, which is more stable across from weather conditions is.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Der Kern der Erfindung besteht darin, ein Photovoltaik-Modul auf der Lichteinfalls-Seite mit einer hydrophoben Beschichtung zu versehen. Hierdurch wird die Benetzung der Lichteinfalls-Seite vermindert, Wasser perlt von der Oberfläche ab, und eine Ablagerung von im Niederschlag mitgeführten Schmutzpartikeln wird verringert.These The object is solved by the features of claim 1. Of the The core of the invention is a photovoltaic module on the Light incidence side to be provided with a hydrophobic coating. This will be the Wetting of the light incidence side diminished, water bubbles from the surface from, and a deposit of entrained in precipitation dirt particles is reduced.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. Zusätzliche Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnung. Es zeigt:Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the Dependent claims. additional Features and details of the invention will become apparent from the description an embodiment based on the drawing. It shows:

1 einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein Photovoltaik-Modul. 1 a schematic section through a photovoltaic module.

Im Folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Photovoltaik-Modul beschrieben. Ein Photovoltaik-Modul 1 weist eine witterungsfeste Rückseiten-Schicht 2, eine strahlungs-durchlässige Oberflächen-Schicht 3 sowie eine zwischen der Oberflächen-Schicht 3 und der Rückseiten-Schicht 2 angeordnete Solarzellen-Schicht 4 auf. Außerdem können zusätzliche Zwischen-Schichten vorgesehen sein. Die Schichten 2, 3, 4 des Photovoltaik-Moduls 1 werden durch einen Rahmen 5 zusammengehalten. Als Rahmen 5 ist beispielsweise ein Aluminiumprofil-Rahmen vorgesehen. Der Rahmen 5 weist in der Figur nicht dargestellte Befestigungs- und Montage-Elemente auf.The following is with reference to the 1 an inventive photovoltaic module described. A photovoltaic module 1 has a weatherproof backsheet layer 2 , a radiation-permeable surface layer 3 and one between the surface layer 3 and the backside layer 2 arranged solar cell layer 4 on. In addition, additional intermediate layers may be provided. The layers 2 . 3 . 4 of the photovoltaic module 1 be through a frame 5 held together. As a frame 5 For example, an aluminum profile frame is provided. The frame 5 has fastening and mounting elements, not shown in the figure.

Die Rückseiten-Schicht 2 umfasst eine witterungsfeste Kunststoffverbundfolie, beispielsweise aus Polyvinylfluorid.The backside layer 2 comprises a weatherproof plastic composite film, for example of polyvinyl fluoride.

Die Solarzellen-Schicht 4 umfasst mindestens eine Solarzelle. Die Solarzelle kann mono- oder polykristallin ausgebildet sein. Zwischen der Solarzellen-Schicht 4 und der Rückseiten-Schicht 2 kann insbesondere eine in der Figur nicht dargestellte Reflexions-Schicht, ein so genanntes Back Surface Field, zur Reflektierung negativer Ladungsträger, insbesondere Elektronen, und zum Abgreifen positiver Ladungsträger vorgesehen sein. Die Reflexions-Schicht ist beispielsweise aus Aluminium. Die Solarzellen-Schicht ist vorteilhafterweise in eine transparente Kunststoffschicht eingebettet, welche die Solarzellen schützt. Die Kunststoffschicht ist insbesondere aus Ethylenvinylacetat (EVA) oder Silikongummi.The solar cell layer 4 includes at least one solar cell. The solar cell may be monocrystalline or polycrystalline. Between the solar cell layer 4 and the backside layer 2 In particular, a reflection layer (not shown in the figure), a so-called back surface field, can be provided for reflecting negative charge carriers, in particular electrons, and for picking up positive charge carriers. The reflection layer is made of aluminum, for example. The solar cell layer is advantageously embedded in a transparent plastic layer which protects the solar cells. The plastic layer is in particular of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or silicone rubber.

Die Oberflächen-Schicht 3 weist einen hohen Transmissionsgrad von mindestens 90%, insbesondere mindestens 99%, insbesondere mindestens 99,9% im sichtbaren Spektralbereich auf. Die Oberflächen-Schicht 3 ist insbesondere aus Glas, vorteilhafterweise aus einem Einscheiben-Sicherheits-Glas. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, die Oberflächen-Schicht 3 aus einem anderen Material auszubilden.The surface layer 3 has a high transmittance of at least 90%, in particular at least 99%, in particular at least 99.9% in the visible spectral range. The surface layer 3 is in particular made of glass, advantageously of a single-pane safety glass. However, it is also conceivable the surface layer 3 from a different material form.

Auf der Oberflächen-Schicht 3 ist eine hydrophobe Beschichtung 6 angebracht. Hierdurch wird der Kontaktwinkel für Wasser zur Oberflächen-Schicht 3 vergrößert. Dies führt zu einer Verringerung der Benetzung der Oberflächen-Schicht 3 mit Wasser. Es bildet sich insbesondere kein geschlossener Flüssigkeitsfilm, sondern auftreffender Niederschlag perlt von der Beschichtung 6 auf der Oberflächen-Schicht 3 ab, wodurch ein Abrollen insbesondere großer Niederschlagstropfen begünstigt wird. Die Beschichtung 6 ist außerdem vorteilhafterweise oleophob. Hierdurch wird der Kontaktwinkel für organische Flüssigkeiten zur Oberflächen-Schicht 3 vergrößert. Die Beschichtung 6 weist eine chemische Bindung mit der Oberflächen-Schicht 3 auf. Sie hat eine geringe Dicke D von weniger als 100 nm, insbesondere weniger als 50 nm, insbesondere weniger als 20 nm.On the surface layer 3 is a hydrophobic coating 6 appropriate. As a result, the contact angle for water to the surface layer 3 increased. This leads to a reduction in the wetting of the surface layer 3 with water. In particular, no closed liquid film forms, but incident precipitate bubbles from the coating 6 on the surface layer 3 from, whereby a rolling particular large rainfall drops is favored. The coating 6 is also advantageously oleophobic. As a result, the contact angle for organic liquids to the surface layer 3 increased. The coating 6 has a chemical bond with the surface layer 3 on. It has a small thickness D of less than 100 nm, in particular less than 50 nm, in particular less than 20 nm.

Die Beschichtung 6 ist UV-beständig. Die Beschichtung 6 ist darüber hinaus sehr abriebs-resistent.The coating 6 is UV resistant. The coating 6 is also very resistant to abrasion.

Im Ausgangszustand ist die Beschichtung zweikomponentig und weist eine Alkoxy-Silan-Komponente und eine Alkohol-Komponente auf. Bei der Alkoxy-Silan-Komponente handelt es sich insbesondere um eine Fluoroalkylsilan-Komponente.in the Initial state, the coating is two-component and has a Alkoxy silane component and an alcohol component on. For the alkoxy-silane component it is in particular a Fluoroalkylsilan component.

Durch die chemische Bindung der Beschichtung 6 mit der Oberflächen-Schicht 3 wird eine besonders vorteilhafte Langzeitstabilität der Beschichtung 6 unter Freilandbedingungen erreicht. Die Beschichtung 6 weist funktionelle Gruppen auf, welche zu einer Reduktion der freien Energie der Oberflächen-Schicht 3 führen. Als Beschichtung 6 ist insbesondere SIVO®Clear der Firma Degussa vorgesehen.Due to the chemical bonding of the coating 6 with the surface layer 3 becomes a particularly advantageous long-term stability of the coating 6 achieved under field conditions. The coating 6 has functional groups resulting in a reduction of the free energy of the surface layer 3 to lead. As a coating 6 is especially Sivo ® Clear vorgese the company Degussa hen.

Versuche haben gezeigt, dass die erfindungsgemäße Beschichtung 6 zu einer Vergrößerung des Kontaktwinkels für Wasser auf der Oberflächen-Schicht 3 von etwa 10° auf über 80° führt. Ein weiterer Vorteil der Beschichtung 6 ist deren schmutzabweisende Eigenschaft. Die Oberflächen-Schicht 3 des Photovoltaik-Moduls 1 behält daher ihren hohen Transmissionsgrad für längere Zeit. Hierdurch wird die Abnahme des Wirkungsgrades des Photovoltaik-Moduls 1 verhindert.Experiments have shown that the coating according to the invention 6 to increase the contact angle for water on the surface layer 3 from about 10 ° to about 80 °. Another advantage of the coating 6 is its dirt-repellent property. The surface layer 3 of the photovoltaic module 1 therefore retains its high transmittance for a long time. This will reduce the efficiency of the photovoltaic module 1 prevented.

Claims (9)

Photovoltaik-Modul (1) mit a. mindestens einer Solarzelle (4), b. einer zumindest bereichsweise strahlungs-durchlässigen Oberflächen-Schicht (3) und c. einer auf der Oberflächen-Schicht (3) angebrachten hydrophoben Beschichtung (6).Photovoltaic module ( 1 ) with a. at least one solar cell ( 4 b. an at least partially radiation-transmissive surface layer ( 3 ) and c. one on the surface layer ( 3 ) hydrophobic coating ( 6 ). Photovoltaik-Modul (1) gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung (6) zusätzlich oleophob ist.Photovoltaic module ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating ( 6 ) is additionally oleophobic. Photovoltaik-Modul (1) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung (6) eine chemische Bindung mit der Oberfläche (3) aufweist.Photovoltaic module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating ( 6 ) a chemical bond with the surface ( 3 ) having. Photovoltaik-Modul (1) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung eine Dicke D von weniger als 100 nm, insbesondere weniger als 50 nm, insbesondere weniger als 20 nm aufweist.Photovoltaic module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating has a thickness D of less than 100 nm, in particular less than 50 nm, in particular less than 20 nm. Photovoltaik-Modul (1) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung (6) UV-beständig ist.Photovoltaic module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating ( 6 ) Is UV resistant. Photovoltaik-Modul (1) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung (6) im Ausgangszustand zweikomponentig ist.Photovoltaic module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating ( 6 ) is bicomponent in the initial state. Photovoltaik-Modul (1) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung im Ausgangszustand eine Alkoxy-Silan-Komponente aufweist.Photovoltaic module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating in the initial state comprises an alkoxy-silane component. Photovoltaik-Modul (1) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung im Ausgangszustand eine Alkohol-Komponente aufweist.Photovoltaic module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating has an alcohol component in the initial state. Photovoltaik-Modul (1) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung im Ausgangszustand eine Fluoroalkylsilan-Komponente in Alkohol aufweist.Photovoltaic module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating in the initial state has a Fluoroalkylsilan component in alcohol.
DE200810007640 2008-02-04 2008-02-04 Photovoltaic module, has solar cell layer with solar cell, surface-layer that is radiation permeable, and hydrophobic coating coated on surface-layer, where coating is UV resistant and exhibits chemical bond with surface-layer Ceased DE102008007640A1 (en)

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DE102010017246A1 (en) * 2010-06-04 2011-12-08 Solibro Gmbh Solar cell module and manufacturing method therefor
WO2013029845A1 (en) 2011-08-29 2013-03-07 Saint-Gobain Glass France Thin-film photovoltaic module with hydrophobic rear-side coating
EP2615648A3 (en) * 2012-01-13 2014-02-19 Guardian Industries Corp. Photovoltaic module including high contact angle coating on one or more outer surfaces thereof, and/or methods of making the same

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Cited By (9)

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DE102010017246A1 (en) * 2010-06-04 2011-12-08 Solibro Gmbh Solar cell module and manufacturing method therefor
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WO2013029845A1 (en) 2011-08-29 2013-03-07 Saint-Gobain Glass France Thin-film photovoltaic module with hydrophobic rear-side coating
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JP2014531745A (en) * 2011-08-29 2014-11-27 サン−ゴバン グラス フランスＳａｉｎｔ−Ｇｏｂａｉｎ Ｇｌａｓｓ Ｆｒａｎｃｅ Thin film solar cell module with hydrophobic coating on the back
EP2615648A3 (en) * 2012-01-13 2014-02-19 Guardian Industries Corp. Photovoltaic module including high contact angle coating on one or more outer surfaces thereof, and/or methods of making the same
WO2013106227A3 (en) * 2012-01-13 2014-03-13 Guardian Industries Corp. Photovoltaic module including high contact angle coating on one or more outer surfaces thereof, and/or methods of making the same
US9082914B2 (en) 2012-01-13 2015-07-14 Gaurdian Industries Corp. Photovoltaic module including high contact angle coating on one or more outer surfaces thereof, and/or methods of making the same

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