DE19826205A1 - Process for foaming and consolidating swellable clays - Google Patents

Process for foaming and consolidating swellable clays

Info

Publication number
DE19826205A1
DE19826205A1 DE1998126205 DE19826205A DE19826205A1 DE 19826205 A1 DE19826205 A1 DE 19826205A1 DE 1998126205 DE1998126205 DE 1998126205 DE 19826205 A DE19826205 A DE 19826205A DE 19826205 A1 DE19826205 A1 DE 19826205A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
clays
foam
foaming
swelling
swellable clays
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE1998126205
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hans-Werner Schuett
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SCHUETT HANS WERNER
Original Assignee
SCHUETT HANS WERNER
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SCHUETT HANS WERNER filed Critical SCHUETT HANS WERNER
Priority to DE1998126205 priority Critical patent/DE19826205A1/en
Publication of DE19826205A1 publication Critical patent/DE19826205A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
    • B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
    • B01J39/14—Base exchange silicates, e.g. zeolites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/10—Clay
    • C04B14/104—Bentonite, e.g. montmorillonite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00637—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as glue or binder for uniting building or structural materials

Abstract

Swellable clays are foamed and consolidated by mixing with foamable substances and heating to obtain a stable solid mineral foam. Swellable clays are foamed and consolidated by mixing with substances such as proteins, heating the resulting foam at 400-600 deg C to obtain a solid mineral foam having liquid absorption, adsorption and ion exchange properties without loss of its solid foam consistency in liquids.

Description

Seit langem ist bekannt, daß Bentonite (Smectit-Gruppe) und verwandte Tone sich durch bestimmte chemische und physikalische Eigenschaften wie Adsorptionsvermögen (Verwendung als Bleicherde), Fähigkeit zum Ionenaustausch und durch Schwelleigenschaften auszeichnen, indem sich insbesondere polare, sowohl anorganische als auch organische Moleküle zwischen die Schichten des Smectits (Montmorillonit) einlagern. Ionische organische Verbindungen, z. B. Amine, können anorganische Ionen an der Oberfläche der Tonminerale ersetzen. (Dazu u. a. als Standardwerk R.E. Grim, N. Güven: Bentonites, Geology, Mineralogy, Properties and Uses. (Developments in Sedimentolog vol. 24) Amsterdam etc.: Elsevier 1978).It has long been known that bentonites (smectite group) and related clays through certain chemical and physical Properties such as adsorption capacity (use as Bleaching earth), ability to exchange ions and through Characterize threshold properties, in particular polar, both inorganic and organic molecules store between the layers of smectite (montmorillonite). Ionic organic compounds, e.g. B. amines can Replace inorganic ions on the surface of the clay minerals. (See, among others, as a standard work by R.E. Grim, N. Güven: Bentonites, Geology, Mineralogy, Properties and Uses. (Developments in Sedimentolog vol. 24) Amsterdam etc .: Elsevier 1978).

Trotz der genannten vorteilhaften Eigenschaften bringt die hohe Quell- bzw. Schwellfähigkeit der Quelltone es mit sich, daß diese Minerale in Wasser, aber auch etwa in Aceton zu weichen Massen zerfließen, was sie zu vielen Verwendungen untauglich macht, für die sie sonst bestens geeignet wären. Der Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, Quelltone so zu verfestigen, das aus ihnen eine harte, poröse Masse entsteht, ohne daß dabei die positiven Eigenschaften der Tone in deutlichem Maße abnehmen. Dabei lassen sich Mineralschäume verschiedener Dichten bis hin zu Schäumen, die leichter sind als Wasser, herstellen.Despite the advantageous properties mentioned, the high swelling or swelling ability of the swelling clays with it that to soften these minerals in water, but also in acetone Masses flow away, making them unsuitable for many uses makes for which they would otherwise be best suited. The invention the underlying problem is to solidify source clays in such a way they form a hard, porous mass without the the positive properties of the clays decrease significantly. Mineral foams of various densities can be used to make foams that are lighter than water.

Zur Lösung des Problems werden Quelltone mit schaumfähigen, mit Quelltonen homogenisierbaren Substanzen wie Proteinen aufgeschäumt und getrocknet. Auch andere schaumfähigen Substanzen, insbesondere Polyurethane (Polyester oder Polyether mit Wasser) oder Polymere mit Treibmitteln können eingesetzt werden. (Dazu u. a. R. Vieweg et al. (Hrsg.): Kunststoffhandbuch. München, Carl Hanser: 1981) Der Mineralschaum kann in der so vorbereiteten Form bereits technisch, etwa zur elektrische Isolationszwecken, verwendet werden, er kann aber auch bei möglichst niedrigen Temperaturen (um 400-600°C) vorsichtig ausgeglüht werden. Es entsteht dann ein fester Schaum mit je nach den quantitativen Verhältnissen der Herstellung in weitem Bereich variierbarer Härte, der Wasser, Benzin und anderen Flüssigkeiten auf zusaugen vermag, ohne seine feste Konsistenz zu verlieren. Das Ionenaustausch- und das Adsorptionsvermögen bleiben ebenfalls erhalten. To solve the problem, swelling clays with foamable, substances that can be homogenized with swelling clays, such as proteins foamed and dried. Other foamable ones too Substances, especially polyurethanes (polyester or polyether with water) or polymers with blowing agents can be used become. (See, inter alia, R. Vieweg et al. (Ed.): Kunststoff Handbuch. Munich, Carl Hanser: 1981) The mineral foam can in the so prepared form already technically, for example for electrical Isolation purposes can be used, but it can also be used temperatures as low as possible (around 400-600 ° C) carefully be annealed. A firm foam is then created with each according to the quantitative ratios of manufacture by far Range of variable hardness, the water, gasoline and others Can suck up liquids without losing its firm consistency to lose. The ion exchange and adsorption capacity are also preserved.  

Eine vorteilhafte Wirkung als Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in Anspruch 2 angegeben. Es ist nämlich möglich, etwa einem Glycerinkitt, der durch Verreibung von Glycerin mit Bleioxid (Bleiglätte, PbO) hergestellt wird, 10-20% Bentonit bzw. Quellton zuzusetzen, was nicht nur die Verhärtung verzögert, sondern dem Kitt auch die bekannten Eigenschaften des Bentonits verleiht. Bentonite bzw. Quelltone können auch anderen Kitten zugesetzt werden. Die Kitte können nach dem Zusammenfügen mit Bentonitschaumsteinen mit diesen zusammen getrocknet bzw. bei 400-600°C gebrannt werden. (Zu Kitten ohne Bentonitzusatz vgl. u. a. K. Micksch, E. Plath: Taschenbuch der Kitte und Klebstoffe. Stuttgart, Wiss. Verlagsgesellschaft: 1952) Die Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 2. ermöglicht es, unbegrenzt große Mauerwerken aus Bentonit- bzw. Quelltonschaumsteinen herzustellen.An advantageous effect as an embodiment of the invention is specified in claim 2. It is possible, for example, one Glycerin putty, which is obtained by trituration of glycerin with lead oxide (Lead smoothness, PbO) is produced, 10-20% bentonite or Adding swelling clay, which not only delays hardening, but the putty also has the known properties of bentonite gives. Bentonites or swelling clays can also be used by other kittens be added. The putties can be assembled with Bentonite foam stones dried together with these or at 400-600 ° C can be burned. (For kittens without bentonite additive see u. a. K. Micksch, E. Plath: Paperback of putties and adhesives. Stuttgart, Wiss. Publishing company: 1952) Continuing education according to claim 2. enables unlimited large masonry made from bentonite or swelling clay foam stones.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel für die Herstellung eines Bentonitschaumsteins sei in folgendem näher beschrieben: Zunächst wird der Quellton mit einer schaumfähigen, mit Bentonit homogenisierbaren Substanz, z. B. Eiweiß im Volumenverhältnis etwa 1 : 1, aber auch in anderen Verhältnissen, mit Hilfe eines Mixers aufgeschäumt und anschließend getrocknet. Anschließend wird der organisch-anorganische Misch-Schaum bei möglichst niedrigen Temperaturen (um 400-600°C) vorsichtig ausgeglüht werden. Es entsteht dann ein fester Mineral-Schaum, der Wasser, Benzin und anderen Flüssigkeiten auf zusaugen vermag, ohne seine feste Konsistenz zu verlieren. Das Ionenaustausch- und das Adsorptionsvermögen bleiben ebenfalls erhalten.An embodiment for the production of a Bentonite foam stone is described in more detail below: First, the swelling clay with a foamable, with bentonite homogenizable substance, e.g. B. protein in volume ratio about 1: 1, but also in other ratios, with the help of a Mixer foamed and then dried. Subsequently If possible, the organic-inorganic mixed foam low temperatures (around 400-600 ° C) carefully annealed become. This creates a solid mineral foam, the water, Can suck up gasoline and other liquids without its losing firm consistency. The ion exchange and that Adsorption capacity is also retained.

Claims (2)

1. Verfahren zum Aufschäumen und Verfestigen von Quelltonen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Quelltonen mit geeigneten Substanzen, etwa Proteinen, im Mixer aufgeschlagen werden, so daß eine schaumige Masse entsteht. Diese Masse wird bei Temperaturen um 400-600°C geglüht, um einen Mineralschaum fester Konsistenz zu erhalten, der Aufnahmevermögen für Wasser und andere Flüssigkeiten, Adsorptions- und Ionenaustauschvermögen zeigt, ohne in Flüssigkeiten seine feste und schaumige Konsistenz zu verlieren.1. A method for foaming and solidifying swelling clays, characterized in that swelling clays with suitable substances, such as proteins, are broken up in the mixer, so that a foamy mass is formed. This mass is annealed at temperatures around 400-600 ° C in order to obtain a mineral foam of firm consistency, which shows absorption capacity for water and other liquids, adsorption and ion exchange capacity, without losing its firm and foamy consistency in liquids. 2. Verfahren zum Aufschäumen und Verfestigen von Quelltonen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Quellton- bzw. Bentonitschaumsteine mit Kitten verbunden werden, die ihrerseits Quelltone enthalten.2. Process for foaming and solidifying swelling clays Claim 1 characterized, that swelling clay or bentonite foam stones connected with kittens which in turn contain source clays.
DE1998126205 1998-06-08 1998-06-08 Process for foaming and consolidating swellable clays Withdrawn DE19826205A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1998126205 DE19826205A1 (en) 1998-06-08 1998-06-08 Process for foaming and consolidating swellable clays

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1998126205 DE19826205A1 (en) 1998-06-08 1998-06-08 Process for foaming and consolidating swellable clays

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE19826205A1 true DE19826205A1 (en) 1999-12-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE1998126205 Withdrawn DE19826205A1 (en) 1998-06-08 1998-06-08 Process for foaming and consolidating swellable clays

Country Status (1)

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DE (1) DE19826205A1 (en)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2708577A1 (en) * 1977-02-28 1978-08-31 A C I Tech Centre High temp. insulating foam mfr. - by foaming reinforcing fibre, bentonite, expanded aggregate mixt., shaping, drying and firing at low temp.
DE3100655A1 (en) * 1980-01-10 1982-01-28 Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd., London "INORGANIC FOAM PRODUCT"
DE3414965C2 (en) * 1984-04-19 1986-06-19 Effem Gmbh, 2810 Verden Process for the production of porous ceramic bodies for use as adsorbents or absorbents, in particular animal litter
DE3728812A1 (en) * 1987-04-08 1988-10-20 Marx Guenther MINERAL FABRIC, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF
EP0288071A2 (en) * 1987-04-24 1988-10-26 Arturo Broggini Artificial stones and process for their production
EP0365022A2 (en) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-25 Arturo Broggini Process for the production of artificial stones
DE3825905C2 (en) * 1988-07-31 1991-08-22 Guenther Dr. 5431 Ruppach-Goldhausen De Marx

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2708577A1 (en) * 1977-02-28 1978-08-31 A C I Tech Centre High temp. insulating foam mfr. - by foaming reinforcing fibre, bentonite, expanded aggregate mixt., shaping, drying and firing at low temp.
DE3100655A1 (en) * 1980-01-10 1982-01-28 Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd., London "INORGANIC FOAM PRODUCT"
DE3414965C2 (en) * 1984-04-19 1986-06-19 Effem Gmbh, 2810 Verden Process for the production of porous ceramic bodies for use as adsorbents or absorbents, in particular animal litter
DE3728812A1 (en) * 1987-04-08 1988-10-20 Marx Guenther MINERAL FABRIC, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF
EP0288071A2 (en) * 1987-04-24 1988-10-26 Arturo Broggini Artificial stones and process for their production
DE3825905C2 (en) * 1988-07-31 1991-08-22 Guenther Dr. 5431 Ruppach-Goldhausen De Marx
EP0365022A2 (en) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-25 Arturo Broggini Process for the production of artificial stones

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