US20060182940A1 - Fire-resistant fiber-containing article and method of manufacture - Google Patents
Fire-resistant fiber-containing article and method of manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060182940A1 US20060182940A1 US11/058,462 US5846205A US2006182940A1 US 20060182940 A1 US20060182940 A1 US 20060182940A1 US 5846205 A US5846205 A US 5846205A US 2006182940 A1 US2006182940 A1 US 2006182940A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- article
- fire retardant
- fibrous mass
- component
- fire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 10
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007766 curtain coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N9/00—Arrangements for fireproofing
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4291—Olefin series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/4334—Polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/435—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
- D04H1/43828—Composite fibres sheath-core
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/80—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides
- D06M11/82—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides with boron oxides; with boric, meta- or perboric acids or their salts, e.g. with borax
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/7654—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings
- E04B1/7658—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
- E04B2001/745—Vegetal products, e.g. plant stems, barks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2041—Two or more non-extruded coatings or impregnations
- Y10T442/2098—At least two coatings or impregnations of different chemical composition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2631—Coating or impregnation provides heat or fire protection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2631—Coating or impregnation provides heat or fire protection
- Y10T442/2664—Boron containing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2631—Coating or impregnation provides heat or fire protection
- Y10T442/2672—Phosphorus containing
Definitions
- This invention relates to a fire-resistant article comprising a portion of natural fibers. More particularly, this invention relates to a fire-resistant article having a portion of natural fibers and being suitable for use in the manufacture of fire-retardant structures, and to a method of manufacturing such an article.
- Fiberglass is well known for use as a component of office furniture, office partitions, and other structures used in office, school, commercial, and industrial settings.
- Fiberglass has many advantages for such applications. It is relatively inexpensive, it can be worked into a variety of shapes and densities, and it has good fire-resistance properties.
- Agricultural fibers are gaining interest as a natural, renewable resource with potential for use in a variety of manufactured products.
- bast fibers such as industrial hemp, kenaf, jute, sisal and flax can be made into non-woven sheet-like products in roll form that can then be used in subsequent manufacturing processes.
- bast fiber products are preferred as natural products that do not harm the environment and that do require the use of volatile organic compounds.
- Furniture and other structures intended for use in an office environment must have a Class A fire resistance rating. This means that such products must have a flame spread index of 25 or less, and a smoke generation index of 450 or less, as measured by the test procedures set forth in ASTM E 84 and UL 723.
- Agricultural fibers are inherently flammable. Thus, in order for order for agricultural fiber products to be used in an office environment, the products must include some treatment to provide for adequate flame resistance to meet Class A requirements.
- a moldable batt comprises a fire-retardant cellulose, a fiber component, and a binder component, the batt being compressed and heated to form fire-resistant panels or other products that are said to be particularly useful in the office furniture industry.
- a fire-resistant article comprises a fibrous mass having a fiber component and about 10-30 wt. % of a first fire retardant component mixed therein, the fiber component comprising about 1-50 wt. % thermoplastic and about 50-99 wt. % natural fiber, the fibrous mass having a coating of a second fire retardant component on the exterior surfaces thereof.
- the fiber component preferably comprises about 10-50 wt. % thermoplastic to about 50-99 wt. % natural fiber and most preferably comprises about 10-30 wt. % thermoplastic and 70-90 wt. % natural fiber.
- the fibrous mass preferably comprises about 10-30 wt. % of the first fire retardant component and most preferably about 18-22 wt. % of the first fire retardant component.
- the natural fiber content of the fiber component can be made up of a variety of bast fibers, including fibers such as kenaf, jute, industrial hemp, sisal, flax, and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred is a mixture of kenaf and industrial hemp.
- the natural fiber content is preferred as a renewable resource, and one which does not emit potentially hazardous materials into the environment.
- the thermoplastic material is mixed with the natural fiber in sufficient quantity to bind the fibers together upon the application of heat. Suitable thermoplastics include polypropylene, polyethylene, polyesters, nylon, copolymers, and mixtures thereof.
- the thermoplastics can be in the form of fibers, bi-component fibers, powders, or pellets.
- One embodiment of the inventive method of making a fire-resistant article comprises the steps of providing a fibrous mass comprising a mixture of thermoplastic material and natural fibers, dispersing a first fire retardant component in the fibrous mass, compressing and heating the fibrous mass to form a shaped article, and applying a coating of a second fire retardant component to the shaped article.
- the first fire retardant component can be in a powder form that is either blown through the fibrous mass or drawn through under reduced pressure. After the first fire retardant is dispersed through the fibrous mass, the mass is heated to a temperature above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic but below the flash temperature of the natural fibers, and then compressed.
- the second fire retardant can be applied to the outer surfaces of the compressed mass such as in a liquid medium. In a preferred method, the article can be heated again to drive off the liquid medium.
- the first flame retardant component can be dispersed through the fibrous mass, the second flame retardant component can be applied to the outer surfaces of the fibrous mass, and the mass can be compressed with heat to both soften the thermoplastic to bind the natural fibers and drive off any liquid medium from the application of the second flame retardant component.
- the resulting article can be made to have a flame propagation index and smoke generation index low enough to merit a Class A rating.
- the article can be used in the manufacture of office dividers, ceiling tiles, bulletin boards, and other structures requiring a Class A rating that are used in office, school, commercial and industrial settings.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of one method of making the fire-resistant article of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of an alternative method of making the fire-resistant article of the present invention.
- a fire-resistant article of the present invention comprises a fibrous mass having a fiber component and about 10-30 wt. % of a first fire retardant component mixed therein; the fiber component comprising about 1-50 wt. % thermoplastic and about 50-99 wt. % natural fiber, the fibrous mass having a coating of a second fire retardant component on the exterior surfaces thereof.
- the fibrous mass used in the manufacture of the fire-resistant article can be provided in the form of long sheets shipped as rolls. Such rolls can be commercially fabricated to include natural fibers and thermoplastic materials to a purchaser's specifications.
- the natural fiber component of the fibrous mass is derived from the family of bast fiber plants in which a plant stalk has bast fibers and a core.
- the preferred bast fiber plants will be those in which the bast fibers are readily separated from the core of the stalk.
- Particularly suitable bast fiber plants for this purpose include kenaf, jute, industrial hemp, sisal, and flax. Any of these plant materials may be used alone or in combination with each other, and in various proportions.
- the selection of the plant materials to be used will be based on ease of manufacture into the fibrous mass for use in the invention, cost, availability, and fire resistance in the finished article based on empirical tests.
- One particularly preferred combination is a mixture of kenaf and industrial hemp.
- a fibrous mass in which the natural fiber component comprises kenaf and industrial hemp fibers in about equal proportions by weight is especially preferred.
- the thermoplastic component should have a softening temperature below the combustion temperature of the natural fibers.
- Suitable thermoplastic components can be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyesters, nylon, copolymers, and mixtures thereof. Of these, polypropylene is preferred for its ready availability and its low cost.
- the thermoplastic component is preferably in the form of fibers so that it can be readily incorporated in the fibrous mass in the initial manufacture thereof.
- the fibers can include bicomponent fibers, in which fibers of a first thermoplastic material are coated or encased within a second thermoplastic material having a lower softening temperature.
- the thermoplastic component can be in other forms such as powders or pellets that can be readily incorporated in the fibrous mass.
- the first fire retardant component can be selected from the group consisting of borates, polyborates, boric acid, borax, phosphates, and mixtures thereof. Of these, sodium polyborate is especially preferred.
- a second fire retardant is applied as a coating to the exterior surfaces of the fibrous mass.
- Sodium silicate has been found to be particularly well suited to this purpose.
- the present invention further encompasses two methods of making the fire resistant article.
- the first inventive method comprises the steps of (a) providing a fibrous mass comprising a mixture of thermoplastic material and natural fibers, (b) dispersing a first fire retardant component in said fibrous mass, (c) heating said fibrous mass to a temperature above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic material, (d) compressing said fibrous mass to form a shaped article, and (e) applying a coating of a second fire retardant component to said shaped article.
- the first fire retardant can be dispersed through the fibrous mass by any of several methods.
- such methods can include blowing the fire retardant powder into sheets of the fibrous mass, or drawing the fire retardant powder through sheets of the fibrous mass with a reduction in pressure on one side thereof, or using a combination of blowing on one side of the sheet of fibrous mass and creating a region of reduced pressure on the other side.
- the first fire-retardant can be incorporated into the fibrous mass during the production thereof such as by pre-mixing with the natural fiber component, pre-mixing with the thermoplastic component, or by mixing together with the natural fiber and thermoplastic component, prior to or during the formation of the fibrous mass.
- the fibrous mass is then heated to a temperature above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic component to allow the thermoplastic to soften and bind the natural fibers of the mass.
- the heated mass is compressed to a desired thickness and then optionally cooled for a period of time while in the compressed state so that the mass retains the desired thickness and achieves the desired rigidity.
- the exterior surfaces of the compressed mass are then coated with a second fire retardant composition.
- a second fire retardant composition is present in a liquid medium as either a solution, a suspension or a mixture.
- This composition can be applied onto the surfaces of the compressed fibrous mass by techniques such as spraying, brushing, roll coating, curtain coating, froth coating and dipping.
- the coating is applied by spraying an aqueous solution of above 40% sodium silicate. The coating is then allowed to dry, optionally with heating to drive off the liquid carrier so that the coating sets.
- the first method of making the fire-resistant article of the present invention is schematically illustrated in FIG. 1 .
- a sheet 10 of a fibrous mass comprising natural fibers and a thermoplastic material is conveyed beneath a dispenser 12 that dispenses the first fire retardant to be dispersed within the fibrous mass.
- the dispersal of the first fire retardant 14 into the body of fibrous mass 10 can be facilitated by a blower system 16 , and/or a vacuum assist 18 to pull air and fire retardant through the fibrous mass.
- the choice of whether to use a blower system 16 , a vacuum assist 18 , or both, may depend on the types of fibers in the fibrous mass, the type of fire retardant used, and the density of the fibrous mass.
- the fibrous mass 10 is passed through an oven 19 where it is heated to a temperature greater than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic component. This allows the thermoplastic material to soften and bind the natural fibers.
- the heated mass is then passed to a press 20 where it is pressed between two press platens 22 , 24 , which decreases the thickness and increases the density of fibrous mass 10 .
- the mass is held at the thickness while it is allowed to cool.
- Fibrous mass 10 is then conveyed to a coating application apparatus, which in the illustrated embodiment is in the form of two spray heads 32 , 34 , although it will be appreciated that an apparatus with one spray head could be used if the mass 10 is sprayed first on one side and then on the other.
- the spray heads 32 , 34 spray both surfaces of fibrous mass 10 with a composition 36 containing a second fire retardant material that forms a coating 40 on the exterior surfaces of fibrous mass 10 .
- Article 50 is the compressed fibrous mass 10 with the first fire retardant dispersed therein and having a coating 40 of the second fire retardant.
- the coating 40 on article 50 is allowed to set; this last step can be facilitated by heating article 50 with a heat source 42 to drive off any liquid medium from mixture 36 , with or without a vacuum assist or forced air.
- a fibrous mass comprising about 20% by weight of polypropylene fibers and about 80% by weight of a natural fiber component, the component containing 50 percent by weight of kenaf fiber and 50 percent by weight of industrial hemp fiber.
- Sodium polyborate powder is blown through the mass.
- the mass is heated to a temperature of about 375°-380° F. for about 10-15 minutes in a conventional oven.
- the mass is compressed to a desired thickness and allowed to cool.
- the compressed mass is sprayed on all surfaces with a 40% by weight aqueous solution of sodium silicate, at about 1-2 oz. solution per square foot of surface area.
- the mass is then heated to a temperature of about 390° for about 1-2 minutes to drive off the water and allow the sodium silicate coating to set.
- the resulting article can be used in the manufacture of a structure having a flame spread index of less than 25 and a smoke generation index of less than 450, which meets the requirement for a Class A rated fire resistant article. Structures made with the article can be useful in furniture, office partitions, ceiling tiles, and the like.
- the second method of making a fire-resistant article of the present invention comprises the steps of (a) providing a fibrous mass comprising a mixture of thermoplastic material and natural fibers, (b) dispersing a first fire retardant component in the fibrous mass, (c) applying a coating of a second fire retardant component to the fibrous mass, (d) heating the fibrous mass, and (e) compressing the fibrous mass to form a shaped article, and allowing the compressed mass to cool.
- the heating and compression steps can be conducted separately or simultaneously.
- the materials that can be used in this second method are the same as those that can be used in the first method
- the second method is illustrated in FIG. 2 , wherein the same elements as are shown in FIG. 1 are indicated by the same reference numerals.
- a sheet 10 of a fibrous mass comprising natural fibers and a thermoplastic material is conveyed beneath a dispenser 12 that dispenses the first fire retardant 14 to be dispersed within fibrous mass 10 .
- the dispersal of the fire retardant 14 into the body of fibrous mass 10 can be facilitated by a blower system 16 , and/or a vacuum assist 18 to pull air and fire retardant through the fibrous mass.
- the choice of whether to use a blower system 16 , a vacuum assist 18 , or both, may depend on the types of fibers in the fibrous mass, the type of fire retardant used, and the density of the fibrous mass.
- fibrous mass 10 is then conveyed to a coating application apparatus, which in the illustrated embodiment is in the form of two spray heads 32 , 34 , although it will be appreciated that an apparatus with one spray head could be used if the mass 10 is sprayed first on one side and then on the other.
- the spray heads 32 , 34 spray both surfaces of fibrous mass 10 with a mixture 36 containing a second fire retardant material present in a liquid medium that forms a coating 40 around fibrous mass 10 .
- the fibrous mass 10 is then passed to a heating press 20 where it is pressed between two press platens 22 , 24 with heat to a temperature greater than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic component. This allows the thermoplastic material to bind the natural fibers, while decreasing the thickness and increasing the density of fibrous mass 10 . This step also can drive off the liquid medium from coating 40 .
- the resulting article can be used to produce a satisfactory Class A rated fire resistant structure.
- the fire-resistant article disclosed herein avoids the use of fiberglass and formaldehyde.
- the article so made can be used in the manufacture of furniture, office partition panels, ceiling tiles, bulletin boards, and other articles and structures useful in office, school, and industrial environments that require Class A fire-resistant structure. Modifications and variations of the inventive article and methods are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a fire-resistant article comprising a portion of natural fibers. More particularly, this invention relates to a fire-resistant article having a portion of natural fibers and being suitable for use in the manufacture of fire-retardant structures, and to a method of manufacturing such an article.
- Fiberglass is well known for use as a component of office furniture, office partitions, and other structures used in office, school, commercial, and industrial settings.
- Fiberglass has many advantages for such applications. It is relatively inexpensive, it can be worked into a variety of shapes and densities, and it has good fire-resistance properties.
- Recently, however, concerns have been raised about such ubiquitous uses of fiberglass. Some have expressed concerns about health or safety risks that might occur during the manufacture of fiberglass articles. Concerns also have been raised about the use of certain volatile organic compounds, such as aldehyde compounds and formaldehyde in particular, that are typically involved in fiberglass-containing structures. Thus there has been increased customer interest in office furniture and other office products that do not include fiberglass as a component.
- Agricultural fibers are gaining interest as a natural, renewable resource with potential for use in a variety of manufactured products. In particular, bast fibers such as industrial hemp, kenaf, jute, sisal and flax can be made into non-woven sheet-like products in roll form that can then be used in subsequent manufacturing processes. In some situations, bast fiber products are preferred as natural products that do not harm the environment and that do require the use of volatile organic compounds. It is known to manufacture articles using bast fibers and a thermoplastic binder, as disclosed for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,709,925, which discloses the use of such a composition for an interior trim panel for a motor vehicle.
- Furniture and other structures intended for use in an office environment must have a Class A fire resistance rating. This means that such products must have a flame spread index of 25 or less, and a smoke generation index of 450 or less, as measured by the test procedures set forth in ASTM E 84 and UL 723. Agricultural fibers are inherently flammable. Thus, in order for order for agricultural fiber products to be used in an office environment, the products must include some treatment to provide for adequate flame resistance to meet Class A requirements.
- One such effort to make a fire-resistant article with natural fibers is described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2004/0028958 A1, wherein a moldable batt comprises a fire-retardant cellulose, a fiber component, and a binder component, the batt being compressed and heated to form fire-resistant panels or other products that are said to be particularly useful in the office furniture industry.
- It is thus one object of the invention to provide an article that can be used in the manufacture of office furniture, partitions, and other structures, which article does not include fiberglass.
- It is thus another of the invention to provide an article that can be used in the manufacture of office furniture, partitions, and other structures, which article includes bast fibers as a component thereof yet which meets the standards for a Class A fire-resistance rating.
- In accordance with the invention, a fire-resistant article comprises a fibrous mass having a fiber component and about 10-30 wt. % of a first fire retardant component mixed therein, the fiber component comprising about 1-50 wt. % thermoplastic and about 50-99 wt. % natural fiber, the fibrous mass having a coating of a second fire retardant component on the exterior surfaces thereof. By appropriate selection of the natural fibers, the thermoplastic, and the first and second fire retardant components, it is possible to make an article having both flame spread index values and smoke generation index values that fall within the Class A fire rating. Moreover, the article is made free of fiberglass and free of the formaldehyde commonly used with fiberglass.
- The fiber component preferably comprises about 10-50 wt. % thermoplastic to about 50-99 wt. % natural fiber and most preferably comprises about 10-30 wt. % thermoplastic and 70-90 wt. % natural fiber. The fibrous mass preferably comprises about 10-30 wt. % of the first fire retardant component and most preferably about 18-22 wt. % of the first fire retardant component.
- The natural fiber content of the fiber component can be made up of a variety of bast fibers, including fibers such as kenaf, jute, industrial hemp, sisal, flax, and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred is a mixture of kenaf and industrial hemp. The natural fiber content is preferred as a renewable resource, and one which does not emit potentially hazardous materials into the environment. The thermoplastic material is mixed with the natural fiber in sufficient quantity to bind the fibers together upon the application of heat. Suitable thermoplastics include polypropylene, polyethylene, polyesters, nylon, copolymers, and mixtures thereof. The thermoplastics can be in the form of fibers, bi-component fibers, powders, or pellets.
- One embodiment of the inventive method of making a fire-resistant article comprises the steps of providing a fibrous mass comprising a mixture of thermoplastic material and natural fibers, dispersing a first fire retardant component in the fibrous mass, compressing and heating the fibrous mass to form a shaped article, and applying a coating of a second fire retardant component to the shaped article. The first fire retardant component can be in a powder form that is either blown through the fibrous mass or drawn through under reduced pressure. After the first fire retardant is dispersed through the fibrous mass, the mass is heated to a temperature above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic but below the flash temperature of the natural fibers, and then compressed. The second fire retardant can be applied to the outer surfaces of the compressed mass such as in a liquid medium. In a preferred method, the article can be heated again to drive off the liquid medium.
- In an alternative method, the first flame retardant component can be dispersed through the fibrous mass, the second flame retardant component can be applied to the outer surfaces of the fibrous mass, and the mass can be compressed with heat to both soften the thermoplastic to bind the natural fibers and drive off any liquid medium from the application of the second flame retardant component.
- Through appropriate choices of materials and processing conditions, the resulting article can be made to have a flame propagation index and smoke generation index low enough to merit a Class A rating. The article can be used in the manufacture of office dividers, ceiling tiles, bulletin boards, and other structures requiring a Class A rating that are used in office, school, commercial and industrial settings.
- The present invention can be more readily understood by reference to the drawings, wherein
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of one method of making the fire-resistant article of the present invention, and -
FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of an alternative method of making the fire-resistant article of the present invention. - A fire-resistant article of the present invention comprises a fibrous mass having a fiber component and about 10-30 wt. % of a first fire retardant component mixed therein; the fiber component comprising about 1-50 wt. % thermoplastic and about 50-99 wt. % natural fiber, the fibrous mass having a coating of a second fire retardant component on the exterior surfaces thereof.
- The fibrous mass used in the manufacture of the fire-resistant article can be provided in the form of long sheets shipped as rolls. Such rolls can be commercially fabricated to include natural fibers and thermoplastic materials to a purchaser's specifications.
- The natural fiber component of the fibrous mass is derived from the family of bast fiber plants in which a plant stalk has bast fibers and a core. The preferred bast fiber plants will be those in which the bast fibers are readily separated from the core of the stalk. Particularly suitable bast fiber plants for this purpose include kenaf, jute, industrial hemp, sisal, and flax. Any of these plant materials may be used alone or in combination with each other, and in various proportions. The selection of the plant materials to be used will be based on ease of manufacture into the fibrous mass for use in the invention, cost, availability, and fire resistance in the finished article based on empirical tests. One particularly preferred combination is a mixture of kenaf and industrial hemp. Further, while various proportions of the different fibers can be used, a fibrous mass in which the natural fiber component comprises kenaf and industrial hemp fibers in about equal proportions by weight is especially preferred.
- The thermoplastic component should have a softening temperature below the combustion temperature of the natural fibers. Suitable thermoplastic components can be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyesters, nylon, copolymers, and mixtures thereof. Of these, polypropylene is preferred for its ready availability and its low cost. The thermoplastic component is preferably in the form of fibers so that it can be readily incorporated in the fibrous mass in the initial manufacture thereof. In one embodiment, the fibers can include bicomponent fibers, in which fibers of a first thermoplastic material are coated or encased within a second thermoplastic material having a lower softening temperature. Alternatively, the thermoplastic component can be in other forms such as powders or pellets that can be readily incorporated in the fibrous mass.
- Because of the inherent flammability of both the natural fibers and the thermoplastic materials used in the fibrous mass, a first fire-retardant is dispersed throughout the fibrous mass. The first fire retardant component can be selected from the group consisting of borates, polyborates, boric acid, borax, phosphates, and mixtures thereof. Of these, sodium polyborate is especially preferred.
- A second fire retardant is applied as a coating to the exterior surfaces of the fibrous mass. Sodium silicate has been found to be particularly well suited to this purpose.
- The present invention further encompasses two methods of making the fire resistant article. The first inventive method comprises the steps of (a) providing a fibrous mass comprising a mixture of thermoplastic material and natural fibers, (b) dispersing a first fire retardant component in said fibrous mass, (c) heating said fibrous mass to a temperature above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic material, (d) compressing said fibrous mass to form a shaped article, and (e) applying a coating of a second fire retardant component to said shaped article.
- The first fire retardant can be dispersed through the fibrous mass by any of several methods. Where the first fire retardant is provided in the form of a powder, such methods can include blowing the fire retardant powder into sheets of the fibrous mass, or drawing the fire retardant powder through sheets of the fibrous mass with a reduction in pressure on one side thereof, or using a combination of blowing on one side of the sheet of fibrous mass and creating a region of reduced pressure on the other side. Alternatively, the first fire-retardant can be incorporated into the fibrous mass during the production thereof such as by pre-mixing with the natural fiber component, pre-mixing with the thermoplastic component, or by mixing together with the natural fiber and thermoplastic component, prior to or during the formation of the fibrous mass. After the first fire retardant is dispersed in the fibrous mass, the fibrous mass is then heated to a temperature above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic component to allow the thermoplastic to soften and bind the natural fibers of the mass. The heated mass is compressed to a desired thickness and then optionally cooled for a period of time while in the compressed state so that the mass retains the desired thickness and achieves the desired rigidity.
- The exterior surfaces of the compressed mass are then coated with a second fire retardant composition. Preferably the second fire retardant is present in a liquid medium as either a solution, a suspension or a mixture. This composition can be applied onto the surfaces of the compressed fibrous mass by techniques such as spraying, brushing, roll coating, curtain coating, froth coating and dipping. In a preferred embodiment, the coating is applied by spraying an aqueous solution of above 40% sodium silicate. The coating is then allowed to dry, optionally with heating to drive off the liquid carrier so that the coating sets.
- The first method of making the fire-resistant article of the present invention is schematically illustrated in
FIG. 1 . Asheet 10 of a fibrous mass comprising natural fibers and a thermoplastic material is conveyed beneath a dispenser 12 that dispenses the first fire retardant to be dispersed within the fibrous mass. The dispersal of thefirst fire retardant 14 into the body offibrous mass 10 can be facilitated by ablower system 16, and/or a vacuum assist 18 to pull air and fire retardant through the fibrous mass. The choice of whether to use ablower system 16, avacuum assist 18, or both, may depend on the types of fibers in the fibrous mass, the type of fire retardant used, and the density of the fibrous mass. After the first fire retardant is applied, thefibrous mass 10 is passed through anoven 19 where it is heated to a temperature greater than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic component. This allows the thermoplastic material to soften and bind the natural fibers. The heated mass is then passed to apress 20 where it is pressed between twopress platens fibrous mass 10. The mass is held at the thickness while it is allowed to cool.Fibrous mass 10 is then conveyed to a coating application apparatus, which in the illustrated embodiment is in the form of two spray heads 32, 34, although it will be appreciated that an apparatus with one spray head could be used if themass 10 is sprayed first on one side and then on the other. The spray heads 32, 34 spray both surfaces offibrous mass 10 with acomposition 36 containing a second fire retardant material that forms acoating 40 on the exterior surfaces offibrous mass 10.Article 50 is the compressedfibrous mass 10 with the first fire retardant dispersed therein and having acoating 40 of the second fire retardant. Thecoating 40 onarticle 50 is allowed to set; this last step can be facilitated byheating article 50 with aheat source 42 to drive off any liquid medium frommixture 36, with or without a vacuum assist or forced air. - A fibrous mass is provided comprising about 20% by weight of polypropylene fibers and about 80% by weight of a natural fiber component, the component containing 50 percent by weight of kenaf fiber and 50 percent by weight of industrial hemp fiber. Sodium polyborate powder is blown through the mass. The mass is heated to a temperature of about 375°-380° F. for about 10-15 minutes in a conventional oven. The mass is compressed to a desired thickness and allowed to cool. The compressed mass is sprayed on all surfaces with a 40% by weight aqueous solution of sodium silicate, at about 1-2 oz. solution per square foot of surface area. The mass is then heated to a temperature of about 390° for about 1-2 minutes to drive off the water and allow the sodium silicate coating to set. The resulting article can be used in the manufacture of a structure having a flame spread index of less than 25 and a smoke generation index of less than 450, which meets the requirement for a Class A rated fire resistant article. Structures made with the article can be useful in furniture, office partitions, ceiling tiles, and the like.
- The second method of making a fire-resistant article of the present invention comprises the steps of (a) providing a fibrous mass comprising a mixture of thermoplastic material and natural fibers, (b) dispersing a first fire retardant component in the fibrous mass, (c) applying a coating of a second fire retardant component to the fibrous mass, (d) heating the fibrous mass, and (e) compressing the fibrous mass to form a shaped article, and allowing the compressed mass to cool. In this method, the heating and compression steps can be conducted separately or simultaneously. The materials that can be used in this second method are the same as those that can be used in the first method The second method is illustrated in
FIG. 2 , wherein the same elements as are shown inFIG. 1 are indicated by the same reference numerals. Referring toFIG. 2 , asheet 10 of a fibrous mass comprising natural fibers and a thermoplastic material is conveyed beneath a dispenser 12 that dispenses thefirst fire retardant 14 to be dispersed withinfibrous mass 10. The dispersal of thefire retardant 14 into the body offibrous mass 10 can be facilitated by ablower system 16, and/or a vacuum assist 18 to pull air and fire retardant through the fibrous mass. The choice of whether to use ablower system 16, avacuum assist 18, or both, may depend on the types of fibers in the fibrous mass, the type of fire retardant used, and the density of the fibrous mass. After the first fire retardant is applied,fibrous mass 10 is then conveyed to a coating application apparatus, which in the illustrated embodiment is in the form of two spray heads 32, 34, although it will be appreciated that an apparatus with one spray head could be used if themass 10 is sprayed first on one side and then on the other. The spray heads 32, 34 spray both surfaces offibrous mass 10 with amixture 36 containing a second fire retardant material present in a liquid medium that forms acoating 40 aroundfibrous mass 10. Thefibrous mass 10 is then passed to aheating press 20 where it is pressed between twopress platens fibrous mass 10. This step also can drive off the liquid medium fromcoating 40. The resulting article can be used to produce a satisfactory Class A rated fire resistant structure. - The fire-resistant article disclosed herein avoids the use of fiberglass and formaldehyde. The article so made can be used in the manufacture of furniture, office partition panels, ceiling tiles, bulletin boards, and other articles and structures useful in office, school, and industrial environments that require Class A fire-resistant structure. Modifications and variations of the inventive article and methods are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.
Claims (22)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/058,462 US20060182940A1 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2005-02-14 | Fire-resistant fiber-containing article and method of manufacture |
MX2007009564A MX2007009564A (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-02-14 | Fire-resistant fiber-containing article and method of manufacture. |
CA 2597906 CA2597906A1 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-02-14 | Fire-resistant fiber-containing article and method of manufacture |
EP20060734970 EP1848853A1 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-02-14 | Fire-resistant fiber-containing article and method of manufacture |
PCT/US2006/005088 WO2006088820A1 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-02-14 | Fire-resistant fiber-containing article and method of manufacture |
US11/421,328 US20060252323A1 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-05-31 | Fiber-containing article and method of manufacture |
US11/470,799 US20070042658A1 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-09-07 | Fiber-containing article and method of manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/058,462 US20060182940A1 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2005-02-14 | Fire-resistant fiber-containing article and method of manufacture |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/421,328 Continuation-In-Part US20060252323A1 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-05-31 | Fiber-containing article and method of manufacture |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20060182940A1 true US20060182940A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
Family
ID=36608357
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/058,462 Abandoned US20060182940A1 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2005-02-14 | Fire-resistant fiber-containing article and method of manufacture |
US11/421,328 Abandoned US20060252323A1 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-05-31 | Fiber-containing article and method of manufacture |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/421,328 Abandoned US20060252323A1 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-05-31 | Fiber-containing article and method of manufacture |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20060182940A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1848853A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2597906A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2007009564A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006088820A1 (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050176327A1 (en) * | 2004-02-07 | 2005-08-11 | Wenstrup David E. | Moldable heat shield |
US20070042664A1 (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2007-02-22 | Thompson Gregory J | Fiber-containing composite and method for making the same |
US20070275180A1 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2007-11-29 | Thompson Gregory J | Fiber-containing composite and method for making the same |
FR2906513A1 (en) * | 2006-10-03 | 2008-04-04 | Fabricauto Soc Par Actions Sim | Single/double type vehicle registration plate or road signalization plate comprises a support plate having a matrix composite material, symbols obtained by pressing the plate and by coloring embossed zones, and fine plate |
US20080153375A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-06-26 | Wilfong David E | VOC-absorbing nonwoven composites |
US20090263620A1 (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2009-10-22 | Balthes Garry E | Composite board with open honeycomb structure |
US20090260918A1 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-22 | Bangji Cao | Panels including renewable components and methods for manufacturing same |
US20090260770A1 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-22 | Cao Bangii | Panels including renewable components and methods for manufacturing |
US7696112B2 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2010-04-13 | Milliken & Company | Non-woven material with barrier skin |
US20100112881A1 (en) * | 2008-11-03 | 2010-05-06 | Pradip Bahukudumbi | Composite material and method for manufacturing composite material |
US20130207307A1 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2013-08-15 | Societe Holding Depestele | Flexible preform for producing a part based on natural fibers |
CN104305768A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-28 | 浙江和也健康科技有限公司 | Composite arenga engleri and jute mattress |
CN104389108A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-03-04 | 浙江和也健康科技有限公司 | Health-care hemp palm aerogel composite bed core material |
WO2019110864A1 (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-13 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | Fiber reinforced composition |
CN111286139A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-16 | 厦门昊邦工贸有限公司 | Heat-resistant plastic |
WO2021174155A1 (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-09-02 | Hanwha Azdel, Inc | Methods and systems to produce lightweight reinforced thermoplastic articles |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2565543A1 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2005-11-24 | Milliken & Company | Heat and flame shield |
US7709405B2 (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2010-05-04 | Milliken & Company | Non-woven composite |
MX2008015122A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2008-12-10 | Hni Tech Inc | Fiber-containing article and method of manufacture. |
US20080185749A1 (en) * | 2007-02-01 | 2008-08-07 | Kastner Kenneth P | Sodium silicate treated fibrous composites |
US7871947B2 (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2011-01-18 | Milliken & Company | Non-woven composite office panel |
JP5990101B2 (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2016-09-07 | オートニアム マネジメント アクチエンゲゼルシャフトAutoneum Management AG | Molded products for automotive panels |
WO2014073710A1 (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2014-05-15 | 吉田房織物株式会社 | Flame-retardant planar body, carpeting resistant to generating hazardous gases that uses said flame-retardant planar body, and method for producing said carpeting resistant to generating hazardous gases |
CN110042528B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2021-04-23 | 宁波先锋新材料股份有限公司 | Sun-shading fabric and preparation method thereof |
Citations (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3681124A (en) * | 1970-02-02 | 1972-08-01 | Stevens & Co Inc J P | Process for preparing durable flame-retardant synthetic-cellulosic fabric blends |
US3819518A (en) * | 1972-07-31 | 1974-06-25 | Apex Chem Co Inc | Scorch-resistant water-soluble flame-retardants for cellulose |
US4065413A (en) * | 1975-10-08 | 1977-12-27 | Gte Sylvania Incorporated | Fire resistance wood-based boards, process for producing same and compositions useful therefor |
US4224169A (en) * | 1978-10-19 | 1980-09-23 | Promotora De Tecnologia Industrial, S.A. | Flame retardant compositions and method of preparing same |
US4273879A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1981-06-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Intumescent fire retardant composites |
US4461721A (en) * | 1982-04-12 | 1984-07-24 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Wood preservative |
US4474846A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1984-10-02 | Van Dresser Corporation | Moldable fibrous mat and product molded therefrom |
US4514326A (en) * | 1978-07-24 | 1985-04-30 | Sallay Stephen I | Permanent flame retardant and anti-smoldering compositions |
US4824709A (en) * | 1988-05-24 | 1989-04-25 | Collins & Aikman Corporation | Textile product with backcoating comprising smoke suppressant and/or flame retardant intumescent particles |
US4865906A (en) * | 1988-01-22 | 1989-09-12 | Smith Novis W Jr | Flame retardant yard blend |
US5076969A (en) * | 1988-02-23 | 1991-12-31 | Pyrotex Ltd. | Fire-retardant |
US5272000A (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1993-12-21 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Non-woven fibrous product containing natural fibers |
US5348796A (en) * | 1984-10-05 | 1994-09-20 | Kanegafuchi Kogaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Flame-retarded composite fiber |
US5431996A (en) * | 1992-02-15 | 1995-07-11 | Mondern Ecological Products, A.G. | Composite material |
US5432000A (en) * | 1989-03-20 | 1995-07-11 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Binder coated discontinuous fibers with adhered particulate materials |
US5492881A (en) * | 1994-03-25 | 1996-02-20 | Diamond; Charles M. | Sorbent system |
US5496623A (en) * | 1994-01-28 | 1996-03-05 | Natural Cotton Colours, Inc. | Naturally flame resistant cotton fiber |
US5516580A (en) * | 1995-04-05 | 1996-05-14 | Groupe Laperriere Et Verreault Inc. | Cellulosic fiber insulation material |
US5614285A (en) * | 1994-12-02 | 1997-03-25 | Ceats | Molded panel having a decorative facing and made from a blend of natural and plastic fibers |
US5709925A (en) * | 1994-02-09 | 1998-01-20 | R+S Stanztechnik Gmbh | Multi-layered panel having a core including natural fibers and method of producing the same |
US5721177A (en) * | 1992-05-08 | 1998-02-24 | Gates Formed-Fibre Products, Inc. | Nonwoven moldable composite |
US5837627A (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1998-11-17 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Fibrous web having improved strength and method of making the same |
US6153674A (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2000-11-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fire barrier material |
US20010001218A1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-05-17 | Luongo Joseph S. | Strengthened, light weight construction board and method and apparatus for making the same |
US6271156B1 (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2001-08-07 | Lydall, Inc. | Fire-resistant core for a combustible fire-rated panel |
US6296795B1 (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2001-10-02 | George S. Buck | Non-woven fibrous batts, shaped articles, fiber binders and related processes |
US6297176B1 (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2001-10-02 | Harodite Industries, Inc. | Non-fiberglass sound absorbing moldable thermoplastic structure |
US20020017222A1 (en) * | 1998-11-18 | 2002-02-14 | Luongo Joseph S. | Strengthened, light weight construction board |
US6395819B1 (en) * | 2000-06-19 | 2002-05-28 | Saint-Gobain Isover | Insulation product, especially thermal insulation product, and its manufacturing process |
US20020168554A1 (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2002-11-14 | Taijiro Matsui | Heat insulating material having high durability, method for producing the same, use of the same, and method for applying the same |
US6490828B1 (en) * | 2000-07-20 | 2002-12-10 | Steelcase Development Corporation | Partition wall system |
US20030083218A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2003-05-01 | Kevin Kutcel | Method for preparing polyborate compounds and uses for same |
US20030087572A1 (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2003-05-08 | Balthes Garry E | Process, composition and coating of laminate material |
US20030162461A1 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-08-28 | Balthes Garry E. | Process, composition and coating of laminate material |
US20030165690A1 (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2003-09-04 | Kieltyka Kevin Allen | Color trim panel |
US6620349B1 (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2003-09-16 | Richard A. Lopez | Fire retardant compositions and methods for preserving wood products |
US20030194542A1 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2003-10-16 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Panel with injection molded components and method of making same |
US20040028958A1 (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2004-02-12 | Total Innovative Manufacturing Llc | Recyclable fire-resistant moldable batt and panels formed therefrom |
US20040097159A1 (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2004-05-20 | Balthes Garry E. | Laminated composition for a headliner and other applications |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3816226A (en) * | 1972-03-31 | 1974-06-11 | Avco Corp | Fire protection material |
US4168175A (en) * | 1978-04-26 | 1979-09-18 | Vitrofil Corporation | Fire retardant compositions |
US4184969A (en) * | 1978-08-04 | 1980-01-22 | Bhat Industries, Inc. | Fire- and flame-retardant composition |
JPH0657912B2 (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1994-08-03 | 東レ株式会社 | Flame retardant fiber composite |
US5277763A (en) * | 1988-09-30 | 1994-01-11 | Arjo Wiggins S.A. | Basic composition for the manufacture of a flexible and porous product in sheet form containing elastomer powder, product in sheet form and its manufacturing process |
DE4444206A1 (en) * | 1994-12-13 | 1996-06-20 | Fleissner Maschf Gmbh Co | Method and device for finishing carded nonwovens |
DE19807821C2 (en) * | 1998-02-26 | 2003-11-13 | Jps Int Ab Goeteborg | Process for producing an insulating material from plant fibers |
US6319312B1 (en) * | 1998-11-18 | 2001-11-20 | Advanced Construction Materials Corp. | Strengthened, light weight wallboard and method and apparatus for making the same |
US8012889B2 (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2011-09-06 | Flexform Technologies, Llc | Fire retardant panel composition and methods of making the same |
DE20215951U1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2003-01-16 | Bioinnova Verbundbauteile Gmbh | Insulation mat is made of random web consisting of natural fibres cut to staple fibres and blended with bonding fibres |
US20040185731A1 (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-09-23 | Mcguire Sheri L. | Flame-retardant nonwovens for panels |
US20040242107A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-02 | Collins Loren M. | Non-woven flame blocking fabric and method |
US7906176B2 (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2011-03-15 | Flexform Technologies, Llc | Methods of manufacturing a fire retardant structural board |
-
2005
- 2005-02-14 US US11/058,462 patent/US20060182940A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2006
- 2006-02-14 EP EP20060734970 patent/EP1848853A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-02-14 CA CA 2597906 patent/CA2597906A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-14 MX MX2007009564A patent/MX2007009564A/en unknown
- 2006-02-14 WO PCT/US2006/005088 patent/WO2006088820A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-05-31 US US11/421,328 patent/US20060252323A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3681124A (en) * | 1970-02-02 | 1972-08-01 | Stevens & Co Inc J P | Process for preparing durable flame-retardant synthetic-cellulosic fabric blends |
US3819518A (en) * | 1972-07-31 | 1974-06-25 | Apex Chem Co Inc | Scorch-resistant water-soluble flame-retardants for cellulose |
US4065413A (en) * | 1975-10-08 | 1977-12-27 | Gte Sylvania Incorporated | Fire resistance wood-based boards, process for producing same and compositions useful therefor |
US4273879A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1981-06-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Intumescent fire retardant composites |
US4514326A (en) * | 1978-07-24 | 1985-04-30 | Sallay Stephen I | Permanent flame retardant and anti-smoldering compositions |
US4224169A (en) * | 1978-10-19 | 1980-09-23 | Promotora De Tecnologia Industrial, S.A. | Flame retardant compositions and method of preparing same |
US4474846A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1984-10-02 | Van Dresser Corporation | Moldable fibrous mat and product molded therefrom |
US4461721A (en) * | 1982-04-12 | 1984-07-24 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Wood preservative |
US5348796A (en) * | 1984-10-05 | 1994-09-20 | Kanegafuchi Kogaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Flame-retarded composite fiber |
US5272000A (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1993-12-21 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Non-woven fibrous product containing natural fibers |
US4865906A (en) * | 1988-01-22 | 1989-09-12 | Smith Novis W Jr | Flame retardant yard blend |
US5076969A (en) * | 1988-02-23 | 1991-12-31 | Pyrotex Ltd. | Fire-retardant |
US4824709A (en) * | 1988-05-24 | 1989-04-25 | Collins & Aikman Corporation | Textile product with backcoating comprising smoke suppressant and/or flame retardant intumescent particles |
US5432000A (en) * | 1989-03-20 | 1995-07-11 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Binder coated discontinuous fibers with adhered particulate materials |
US5431996A (en) * | 1992-02-15 | 1995-07-11 | Mondern Ecological Products, A.G. | Composite material |
US5721177A (en) * | 1992-05-08 | 1998-02-24 | Gates Formed-Fibre Products, Inc. | Nonwoven moldable composite |
US5496623A (en) * | 1994-01-28 | 1996-03-05 | Natural Cotton Colours, Inc. | Naturally flame resistant cotton fiber |
US5709925A (en) * | 1994-02-09 | 1998-01-20 | R+S Stanztechnik Gmbh | Multi-layered panel having a core including natural fibers and method of producing the same |
US5492881A (en) * | 1994-03-25 | 1996-02-20 | Diamond; Charles M. | Sorbent system |
US5614285A (en) * | 1994-12-02 | 1997-03-25 | Ceats | Molded panel having a decorative facing and made from a blend of natural and plastic fibers |
US5837627A (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1998-11-17 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Fibrous web having improved strength and method of making the same |
US5516580A (en) * | 1995-04-05 | 1996-05-14 | Groupe Laperriere Et Verreault Inc. | Cellulosic fiber insulation material |
US6153674A (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2000-11-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fire barrier material |
US6297176B1 (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2001-10-02 | Harodite Industries, Inc. | Non-fiberglass sound absorbing moldable thermoplastic structure |
US20020009936A1 (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2002-01-24 | North John M. | Method for fabricating non-fiberglass sound absorbing moldable thermoplastic structure |
US6271156B1 (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2001-08-07 | Lydall, Inc. | Fire-resistant core for a combustible fire-rated panel |
US20020017222A1 (en) * | 1998-11-18 | 2002-02-14 | Luongo Joseph S. | Strengthened, light weight construction board |
US20010001218A1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-05-17 | Luongo Joseph S. | Strengthened, light weight construction board and method and apparatus for making the same |
US20020168554A1 (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2002-11-14 | Taijiro Matsui | Heat insulating material having high durability, method for producing the same, use of the same, and method for applying the same |
US6296795B1 (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2001-10-02 | George S. Buck | Non-woven fibrous batts, shaped articles, fiber binders and related processes |
US20030083218A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2003-05-01 | Kevin Kutcel | Method for preparing polyborate compounds and uses for same |
US6395819B1 (en) * | 2000-06-19 | 2002-05-28 | Saint-Gobain Isover | Insulation product, especially thermal insulation product, and its manufacturing process |
US6620349B1 (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2003-09-16 | Richard A. Lopez | Fire retardant compositions and methods for preserving wood products |
US6490828B1 (en) * | 2000-07-20 | 2002-12-10 | Steelcase Development Corporation | Partition wall system |
US20030087572A1 (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2003-05-08 | Balthes Garry E | Process, composition and coating of laminate material |
US20040097159A1 (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2004-05-20 | Balthes Garry E. | Laminated composition for a headliner and other applications |
US20030162461A1 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-08-28 | Balthes Garry E. | Process, composition and coating of laminate material |
US20030165690A1 (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2003-09-04 | Kieltyka Kevin Allen | Color trim panel |
US20030194542A1 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2003-10-16 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Panel with injection molded components and method of making same |
US20040028958A1 (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2004-02-12 | Total Innovative Manufacturing Llc | Recyclable fire-resistant moldable batt and panels formed therefrom |
Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050176327A1 (en) * | 2004-02-07 | 2005-08-11 | Wenstrup David E. | Moldable heat shield |
US7696112B2 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2010-04-13 | Milliken & Company | Non-woven material with barrier skin |
US20070042664A1 (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2007-02-22 | Thompson Gregory J | Fiber-containing composite and method for making the same |
US7651964B2 (en) | 2005-08-17 | 2010-01-26 | Milliken & Company | Fiber-containing composite and method for making the same |
US20070275180A1 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2007-11-29 | Thompson Gregory J | Fiber-containing composite and method for making the same |
US7914635B2 (en) | 2006-05-26 | 2011-03-29 | Milliken & Company | Fiber-containing composite and method for making the same |
US20100136298A1 (en) * | 2006-10-03 | 2010-06-03 | Jacques Marion | Marking plate and process for manufacturing such a plate |
FR2906513A1 (en) * | 2006-10-03 | 2008-04-04 | Fabricauto Soc Par Actions Sim | Single/double type vehicle registration plate or road signalization plate comprises a support plate having a matrix composite material, symbols obtained by pressing the plate and by coloring embossed zones, and fine plate |
WO2008040879A3 (en) * | 2006-10-03 | 2008-05-22 | Fabricauto Sa | Marking plate and process for manufacturing such a plate |
US20080153375A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-06-26 | Wilfong David E | VOC-absorbing nonwoven composites |
US7825050B2 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2010-11-02 | Milliken & Company | VOC-absorbing nonwoven composites |
US20090263620A1 (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2009-10-22 | Balthes Garry E | Composite board with open honeycomb structure |
US8133357B2 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2012-03-13 | Usg Interiors, Inc. | Panels including renewable components and methods for manufacturing same |
US20090260770A1 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-22 | Cao Bangii | Panels including renewable components and methods for manufacturing |
US20090260918A1 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-22 | Bangji Cao | Panels including renewable components and methods for manufacturing same |
US7935223B2 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2011-05-03 | ISG Interiors, Inc. | Panels including renewable components and methods for manufacturing |
US20110180225A1 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2011-07-28 | Cao Bangii | Panels including renewable components and methods for manufacturing |
US8080133B2 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2011-12-20 | Usg Interiors, Inc. | Panels including renewable components and methods for manufacturing |
US20100112881A1 (en) * | 2008-11-03 | 2010-05-06 | Pradip Bahukudumbi | Composite material and method for manufacturing composite material |
US20130207307A1 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2013-08-15 | Societe Holding Depestele | Flexible preform for producing a part based on natural fibers |
CN104305768A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-28 | 浙江和也健康科技有限公司 | Composite arenga engleri and jute mattress |
CN104389108A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-03-04 | 浙江和也健康科技有限公司 | Health-care hemp palm aerogel composite bed core material |
WO2019110864A1 (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-13 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | Fiber reinforced composition |
WO2021174155A1 (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-09-02 | Hanwha Azdel, Inc | Methods and systems to produce lightweight reinforced thermoplastic articles |
CN111286139A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-16 | 厦门昊邦工贸有限公司 | Heat-resistant plastic |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060252323A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
WO2006088820A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
EP1848853A1 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
MX2007009564A (en) | 2007-09-21 |
CA2597906A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20060182940A1 (en) | Fire-resistant fiber-containing article and method of manufacture | |
US20070042658A1 (en) | Fiber-containing article and method of manufacture | |
RU2698677C2 (en) | Fire-resistant and sag resistant acoustic panel | |
CA2553399C (en) | Composite material with heat insulating and fire resistant characteristics | |
DD201765A5 (en) | Fibrous materials and their preparation and use | |
CA2553363C (en) | Composite material with heat insulating and fire resistant characteristics | |
CA2553359C (en) | Composite material | |
US20100279567A1 (en) | air-laid non-woven fibre product comprising fibres of recycled material | |
DE102017100313A1 (en) | Flame or fire retardant and its preparation and use in particular for wood, cellulose and polyolefin-based products | |
US20140017406A1 (en) | Nonwoven Fire Barrier with Enhanced Char Performance | |
EP3374576B1 (en) | Fire resistant composite mat | |
DE102018110246B4 (en) | Nonwoven molded part | |
US5955386A (en) | Fire hydrant thermal and acoustic insulation material | |
EP0752458B1 (en) | Process for flame-proofing treatment of textile sheet materials and products treated by such process | |
CA2652282A1 (en) | Fiber-containing article and method of manufacture | |
EP1037740B1 (en) | Fire retardant thermal and acoustic insulation material | |
US20110081533A1 (en) | Nonwoven Fire Barrier with Enhanced Char Performance | |
US20110189911A1 (en) | High loft nonwoven sheet material and method of construction thereof | |
EP3450601B1 (en) | Composite material comprising diatomaceous earth | |
JPS63309659A (en) | Fiber molded body | |
JPH1076598A (en) | Incombustible decorative plate | |
DE4240516A1 (en) | Interior equipment parts for motor vehicles | |
WO2023150740A2 (en) | Pre-impregnated nonwoven mats having improved fire performance |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HNI TECHNOLOGIES INC., IOWA Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:HON TECHNOLOGY INC.;REEL/FRAME:015877/0733 Effective date: 20040511 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HNI TECHNOLOGIES INC., IOWA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HNI TECHNOLOGIES INC.;CLINE, ANTHONY JOSEPH;REEL/FRAME:016048/0397 Effective date: 20050214 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HNI TECHNOLOGIES INC., IOWA Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE NUMBER OF CONVEYING PARTIES PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 016048 FRAME 0397;ASSIGNOR:CLINE, ANTHONY JOSEPH;REEL/FRAME:019531/0702 Effective date: 20070709 |