US20110209427A1 - Floor Tile - Google Patents
Floor Tile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20110209427A1 US20110209427A1 US12/713,953 US71395310A US2011209427A1 US 20110209427 A1 US20110209427 A1 US 20110209427A1 US 71395310 A US71395310 A US 71395310A US 2011209427 A1 US2011209427 A1 US 2011209427A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- floor tile
- sectional surface
- tile
- sectional
- finished
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2203/00—Specially structured or shaped covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
- E04F2203/06—Specially structured or shaped covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for comprising two layers fixedly secured to one another, in offset relationship in order to form a rebate
- E04F2203/065—Specially structured or shaped covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for comprising two layers fixedly secured to one another, in offset relationship in order to form a rebate in offset relationship longitudinally as well as transversely
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49616—Structural member making
- Y10T29/49623—Static structure, e.g., a building component
- Y10T29/49629—Panel
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to floor tiles and, more particularly, but not exclusively, to a floor tile that attaches to adjacent floor tiles rather than to the underlying surface.
- Floor tiles are a universally popular type of floor covering, and are commonly found in personal residences, business offices, and industrial locations. They are available in a myriad of styles, sizes, colors, and patterns. Floor tiles are used in almost every interior location, including garages, as well as in outdoor locations such as balconies and patios.
- floor tiles have a finished surface that faces up, or outwards from the floor. This surface will generally have a color or pattern attractive to the user, and be sufficiently durable to be walked upon or to have furniture placed on it, while resisting wear and discoloration for an extended period of time.
- the tiles attach to the ground by an adhesive spread on their bottom surface.
- a floating floor tile attaches to adjacent tiles rather than to the ground, and creates a tile surface known as a “floating floor”.
- Some tiles of this type use a tongue and groove system to connect to one another. In this system, one side or edge of a tile will have a flange or tongue, and another side will have a groove. The tongue from one tile is pressed or fit into the groove of an adjacent tile, securing their connection.
- a floating floor tile has an advantage of being relatively easily to install, since the floor being covered does not receive an adhesive and accordingly requires less preparation.
- a floor tile comprising:
- a first section having a finished surface and an opposing unfinished sectional surface
- the first sectional surface being attached to the second sectional surface and offset from the second sectional surface, the offset defining a connecting edge along the first and second sectional surfaces
- first finished surface and the second finished surface are opposing and outward facing
- the floor tile is connectable to an adjacent floor tile via the connecting edge.
- a tile comprising:
- first section having first and second opposing sides, the first side being finished, the second side being unfinished and attachable to an unfinished side of another tile section, in an offset manner;
- a second section having first and second opposing sides, the first side being finished, the second side being unfinished and attachable to an unfinished side of another tile section, in an offset manner,
- the offsets define a inter-tile connection section around a perimeter of the tile.
- a floor tiling system comprising:
- each tile having a first layer element offset from a second layer element, the layer elements having (i) a rectangular shape, (ii) a finished side and (iii) an opposing, unfinished side, the layer elements attachable by the unfinished sides, the offset resulting a strip of the first layer element extending beyond two sides of the second layer element and a strip of the second layer element extending beyond two sides of the first layer element,
- strips of the first layer elements are dimensioned and configured to cooperate with strips of the second layer elements and strips of the second layer elements are dimensioned and configured to cooperate with strips of the first layer elements
- a method of making a floating floor tile comprising:
- FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a floor tile consistent with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1B is a perspective view of the floor tile of FIG. 1A , where the floor tile is turned over;
- FIG. 2A is a perspective view of four tiles of FIG. 1A connected to each other, where each of the tiles are oriented with a common surface pattern facing up;
- FIG. 2B is a perspective view of four tiles of FIG. 1A connected to each other, where each of the tiles are oriented with a common surface pattern facing up;
- FIG. 2C is a perspective view of three tiles of FIG. 1A connected to each other, where the outer two tiles are oriented with one surface pattern facing up and the middle tile is oriented with a different surface pattern facing up;
- FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a floor tile consistent with an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3B is an enlarged perspective view of a corner of the floor tile of FIG. 3A ;
- FIGS. 4A-4C illustrate a method of manufacturing a floor tile consistent with an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a perspective view of two floor tile sections, FIG. 4B is a perspective view showing the two floor tile sections of FIG. 4 A being attached to make a floor tile consistent with an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4C is a perspective view of a floor tile consistent with an embodiment of the present invention, after manufacture and prior to installation.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B there is shown a perspective view of a floor tile 10 consistent with an embodiment of the present invention.
- floor tile 10 is a “floating floor” type of tile that attaches to adjacent tiles rather than to the underlying ground.
- FIG. 1B is a view of the tile of FIG. 1A in which the tile is inverted, or turned over to reveal an underside that is not visible in the view of FIG. 1A .
- Floor tile 10 has two sections 12 , each of which has a finished surface 14 and a sectional surface 16 .
- the finished surfaces 14 and sectional surfaces 16 occupy opposing sides of their respective sections.
- the letter suffixes “p” and “q” will be used to distinguish the two sections. Accordingly, floor tile 10 has a first section 12 p having a finished surface 14 p and a sectional surface 16 p, and has a second section 12 q having a finished surface 14 q and a sectional surface 16 q.
- first section 12 p is on top and second section 12 q is on the bottom, and these positions are reversed in the view of FIG. 1B .
- first finished surface 14 p visible in FIG. 1A
- second finished surface 14 q visible in FIG. 1B
- the tile is reversible.
- either finished surface 14 can face up and be the active tile surface, with the opposing finished surface 14 facing down and in contact with the ground.
- these particular patterns are non-limiting examples only. Indeed, other patterns and/or combination of colors, patterns, textures, and materials are both contemplated and possible.
- the sections have the same dimensions of a length “y” and a width “x”.
- the sections are attached to each other back-to-back, but are offset from a flush connection, in which their respective corners would match, by a predetermined, fixed distance along their length and along their width.
- offset distances “dx” and “dy” are shown on each of the figures. It can be seen from both figures that each section may be viewed as being offset or displaced in position relative to the other section by a distance dx along its width, or the “x” direction, and by a distance dy along its length, or the “y” direction.
- connective edge 18 is half on one section and half on the other, as it is the portion of each sectional surface 16 that is not covered by the opposing section. Accordingly, in FIG. 1A the portion of connective edge 18 that is on second sectional surface 16 q may be easily seen as a strip along the long edge of the tile having a length y and a width dx, and a strip along the short edge of the tile having a length x and a width dy. Similarly, in FIG.
- the portion of connective edge 18 that is on first sectional surface 16 p may be easily seen as a strip along the long edge of the tile having a length y and a width dx, and a strip along the short edge of the tile having a length x and a width dy.
- a dashed line 20 is drawn on the figures to indicate the hidden edge of the bottom section in that figure.
- the hidden part of connective edge 18 in each figure, designated 18 ′ can be represented or visualized as the strip between dashed line 20 and the outer edge of the top section.
- the portion of connective edge 18 on sectional surface 16 p may be seen as hidden connective edge 18 ′ in FIG. 1A
- the portion on sectional surface 16 q may be seen as hidden connective edge 18 ′ in FIG. 1B .
- the portion of connective edge 18 occupying the sectional surface 16 , or bottom, of a top section may be characterized as an “overhang”, while the portion occupying the sectional surface 16 , or top, of a bottom section may be characterized as an “underhang”.
- hidden connective edges 18 ′ in FIGS. 1A and 1B are overhanging, and visible connective edges 18 may be called underhanging edges.
- Floor tiles 10 can be connected to each other by first turning each tile so that the desired finished surface 14 is facing up. The tiles are placed side-by-side so that an overhanging connective edge 18 on one tile faces an underhanging connective edge 18 of the adjacent tile. The tiles are pushed together so that the connective edges 18 are flush with each other. Connective edges 18 may then be attached using an adhesive or glue as is known in the art. In some embodiments the adhesive is already placed on connective edge 18 , and is shipped with a protective cover or sheet. In such cases the sheet is removed just prior to attachment of connective edges 18 . In other embodiments the adhesive may be applied at the time of installation. The connected tiles 10 will form a smooth and uninterrupted floor surface.
- FIGS. 2A , 2 B, and 2 C Examples of connected tiles are shown in FIGS. 2A , 2 B, and 2 C.
- the active surface is the woodgrain pattern of finished surface 14 p
- the active surface is the circle pattern of finished surface 14 q.
- FIG. 2C shows a variation in which a circle pattern tile is sandwiched between two woodgrain pattern tiles. It is to be appreciated that in practice, some of the floor tiles 10 shown in FIGS. 2A , 2 B, and 2 C may be cut in length by the installer to produce a more staggered and visually pleasing appearance.
- tile outline 22 shows a subsequent tile might be installed, to indicate the manner in which tiles 10 may be connected. Accordingly, tiles may be connected long side to long side, as shown by tile outline 22 , short side to short side, as shown by tile outline 23 , or long and short sides together, as shown by tile outline 24 .
- Tile outline 25 also shows that a tile may be placed long side to short side.
- floor tile 10 may vary over a wide range while still retaining the characteristics of the present invention.
- the width of connective edge 18 along either dx or dy should be sufficiently large so that there is enough surface area to establish a strong and secure connection between tiles, when the adhesive is applied and the tiles are joined.
- the appropriate size may depend on the application. For example, a tile floor placed in a garage would have to withstand the pressure of an automobile upon it. In such a case a relatively wider connective edge may be appropriate, in order to obtain a stronger connection.
- a tile found to be adequate in a garage floor has the dimensions of 36 inches long, 12 inches wide, and 11 ⁇ 4 inch wide for both dx and dy, i.e. all portions of connective edge 18 .
- dx and dy may be slightly smaller or larger, for example, 1 inch or 11 ⁇ 2 inches in width.
- the distances dy may equal dx, so that connective edge 18 is uniform all around floor tile 10 .
- dy may differ from dx.
- one may be 11 ⁇ 4 inches and the other 1 inch or 11 ⁇ 2 inches.
- the respective overhanging and underhanging connective edges 18 preferably are substantially the same in width.
- the connective edges 18 of the joined tiles each have the width dx.
- the connective edges 18 of the joined tiles each have the width dy. Accordingly, when using a tile set in which dy and dx are different, these types of connections would not be a problem.
- the connection is between dx from one tile and dy from another.
- a tile from the same set could not be used in that case as the long edge tile against a set of previously installed short tiles.
- a substitute floor tile 10 from another set could be selected whose width dx matches the width dy of the previously installed short-edge tiles.
- connected tiles have the same offset along the common joining edge so that when the tiles are attached, the respective connective edges 18 will fit over one another precisely, and the joined tiles will abut one another, leaving no gap between them. If there is a discrepancy in width there is a likelihood that a gap will occur between the tiles. For example, if one tile has connective edge 18 that is 11 ⁇ 4 inches wide and the adjoining tile has a connective edge that is 11 ⁇ 8 inches wide, there will be a 1 ⁇ 8 inch gap formed.
- Gaps are undesirable because they mar the appearance of the tile floor, collect dirt, and make the floor harder to clean.
- a gap between tiles could lead to one of the tiles becoming loose and dislodged.
- the tile floor installed in a garage, it is common for water to fall on the floor from rain or snow coming in through an open garage door, or from a person's shoes or an automobile driven into the garage. Where the tile surface is smooth and uninterrupted by gaps, the water will eventually evaporate and be harmless.
- water that falls into a gap may present a problem to the stability of the tile floor. For example, if a car drives over the gap, the heavy weight will press the water against the side of the tile.
- Floor tile 10 of the present embodiment can be made from any material suitable for a floor tile.
- An example of a material that is inexpensive and in common use is vinyl.
- each section 12 can be solid vinyl.
- the finished surfaces 14 may be, for example, a color and/or pattern applied to one surface of the section, and the opposing, non-colored surface would be the corresponding sectional surface 16 .
- each or both section 12 could have two or more layers or laminations.
- each section could have a layer 24 made of polyvinyl chloride (pvc) and have as another layer a plastic film 26 attached to a surface of pvc layer 24 .
- the plastic film 26 could have a hardness, durability, color, and pattern suitable for use as finished surface 14 .
- the opposing surface, on pvc layer 24 would be sectional surface 16 .
- FIG. 3A shows a floor tile 10 consistent with an embodiment of the present invention in which the sections 12 have the layers described above.
- the tile 10 is shown with several curves or waves along its length, to reflect the fact that most embodiments of floor tile 10 are made from soft and flexible material and are therefore inherently flexible.
- FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of a corner of the floor tile of FIG. 3A , showing the layers in more detail. Accordingly, FIG. 3B shows a first pvc layer 24 p and first film layer 26 p from first section 12 p, and second pvc layer 24 q and second film layer 26 q from second section 12 q. For greater clarity, connective edge 18 , which is part of sectional layer 16 q, is shown shaded in FIG. 3B .
- pvc layer 24 has been found to be about 1.5 mm, or approximately 0.094 inches. Film layer 26 is relatively much thinner. Accordingly, floor tile 10 shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B is about 3 mm.
- Another benefit is that the pvc used in pvc layer 24 is a relatively stronger material than plain vinyl. For some applications, such as in the floor of a garage, where the floor tile may be exposed to extremes of temperature, water, snow, and the weight of an automobile, it is advantageous to have a tile formed from a stronger material like pvc.
- the floor tile 10 can have more than two layers. It is to be appreciated that floor tile 10 can be designed to have as many layers with specially configured characteristics as appropriate for the application. For example, if it is desired to have a softer feel or more give in the floor, a middle foam layer may be inserted between pvc layer 24 and film layer 26 .
- sections 12 be symmetrical, that is, where each section has the same number of layers with the same physical qualities. However, in at least one embodiment of the present invention sections 12 having a different number of layers and/or layers with different qualities could also be used.
- FIGS. 4A , 4 B, and 4 C illustrate a method of manufacturing a floor tile 10 consistent with an embodiment of the present invention.
- the sections 12 are shown thicker for clarity.
- the method begins, as shown in FIG. 4A , by first making or obtaining the two sections 12 p and 12 q, where the sections are separate and unattached. An adhesive or glue 28 is applied to the bottom, or sectional surfaces 16 of each section.
- FIG. 4B shows the process by which the sections are attached.
- Section 12 p is shown oriented the same as in FIG. 4A , with finished section 14 p facing upwards.
- Section 12 q is inverted and placed across from section 12 p so that sectional surfaces 16 face one another.
- an offset plane 30 is shown in dashed line in FIG. 4B .
- Offset plane 30 has the same dimensions as section 12 p, but is offset from section 12 p by dx and dy for the desired predetermined distances along the section's width and length.
- the inverted section 12 q is aligned with offset plane 30 and not with section 12 p.
- the two sections are then brought together, as indicated by arrow 32 , to the point of contact, and form a permanent connection or bond upon the adhesive hardening.
- FIG. 4C shows the completed floor tile 10 , ready for packaging, shipment, and installation.
- a protective cover or sheet 34 such as wax paper is applied to the exposed edges.
- sheet 34 is removed and the adhesive becomes available to connect the tile as described above.
- the manufacturing process is preferably sufficiently precise so that the desired widths of dx and dy for a given set of tiles is substantially uniform for the set. While dx could be either the same as dy or different from dy for a given set of tiles, the dx values of the tiles preferably substantially match one another, and the dy values preferably substantially match one another.
- embodiments of the present invention provide floor tiles that have, unlike conventional tiles that have only a single floor quality or finished surface, two such surfaces.
- floor tile 10 has been shown above with a woodgrain pattern surface and a circle pattern surface. Accordingly, the same tile could be sold to users that desire either a woodgrain surface pattern or a circle surface pattern. All that would need to be done would be to turn the tile at the point of installation so that the appropriate surface faces up.
- This aspect of floor tile 10 may provide cost savings for tile retailers, distributors, and installers, due to simplified logistics and improvements in inventory control. For example, a buyer may anticipate demand of about 5000 woodgrain pattern tiles and 5000 circle pattern tiles. However, the exact breakdown in any given season may be difficult, if not impossible, to know in advance. The actual demand may turn out to be, for example, 6000 woodgrain pattern tiles and 4000 circle pattern tiles. To ensure that no sales are lost, the buyer may feel compelled to order 6500 of each of the two tile types, or 13,000 tiles total. Accordingly, as a result of the inherent uncertainty in measuring demand, the buyer will incur additional costs for procurement and storage. In addition, an excess of unsold tiles of one type may result in additional carrying costs and/or heavy losses due to discounting.
- a buyer may only need to order, for example, 10,000 to 11,000 floor tiles 10 that have both types of surfaces, and be able to meet demand for both types regardless of the particular breakdown that year. Further, the risk of being stuck with a suddenly unpopular color or pattern may be reduced. Yet another benefit is that new colors or patterns could be introduced into the marketplace by placing them on the reverse side of tiles having patterns that are known to be popular. In this way, if the new tile design is unsuccessful, the tiles can still be used and not have to be returned or discarded at a loss.
- floor tile 10 Another advantage of floor tile 10 is that the section that contacts the underlying ground provides extra distance and insulation from the ground. This section may be thought of as being, in effect, a “second floor”. This aspect of the invention may be particularly beneficial for tiles that are used in garages, balconies, patios, or other locations subject to extremes of temperature or climate. As noted, repeated extremes of temperature over several seasons cause concrete to expand and contract, which may stress and break a tile placed too close to the ground. The ground-contacting section of floor tile 10 helps to dissipate or reduce the extent to which this shifting in the ground effects the top section and finished surface of the tile. As a result, floor tile 10 may last longer than a conventional tile used in that application, and/or may be able to resist breakdown entirely.
Abstract
A floor tile comprising: a first section having a finished surface and an opposing unfinished sectional surface; a second section having a finished surface and an opposing unfinished sectional surface; the first sectional surface being attached to the second sectional surface and offset from the second sectional surface, the offset defining a connecting edge along the first and second sectional surfaces, wherein the first finished surface and the second finished surface are opposing and outward facing, and wherein the floor tile is connectable to an adjacent floor tile via the connecting edge.
Description
- 1. Technical Field
- Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to floor tiles and, more particularly, but not exclusively, to a floor tile that attaches to adjacent floor tiles rather than to the underlying surface.
- 2. Description of Related Art
- Floor tiles are a universally popular type of floor covering, and are commonly found in personal residences, business offices, and industrial locations. They are available in a myriad of styles, sizes, colors, and patterns. Floor tiles are used in almost every interior location, including garages, as well as in outdoor locations such as balconies and patios.
- Most floor tiles have a finished surface that faces up, or outwards from the floor. This surface will generally have a color or pattern attractive to the user, and be sufficiently durable to be walked upon or to have furniture placed on it, while resisting wear and discoloration for an extended period of time. The tiles attach to the ground by an adhesive spread on their bottom surface.
- Another type of tile attaches to adjacent tiles rather than to the ground, and creates a tile surface known as a “floating floor”. Some tiles of this type use a tongue and groove system to connect to one another. In this system, one side or edge of a tile will have a flange or tongue, and another side will have a groove. The tongue from one tile is pressed or fit into the groove of an adjacent tile, securing their connection. A floating floor tile has an advantage of being relatively easily to install, since the floor being covered does not receive an adhesive and accordingly requires less preparation.
- According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a floor tile comprising:
- a first section having a finished surface and an opposing unfinished sectional surface;
- a second section having a finished surface and an opposing unfinished sectional surface;
- the first sectional surface being attached to the second sectional surface and offset from the second sectional surface, the offset defining a connecting edge along the first and second sectional surfaces,
- wherein the first finished surface and the second finished surface are opposing and outward facing, and
- wherein the floor tile is connectable to an adjacent floor tile via the connecting edge.
- According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tile, comprising:
- a first section having first and second opposing sides, the first side being finished, the second side being unfinished and attachable to an unfinished side of another tile section, in an offset manner; and
- a second section having first and second opposing sides, the first side being finished, the second side being unfinished and attachable to an unfinished side of another tile section, in an offset manner,
- wherein, when the second sides are attached to each other via the unfinished sides, the offsets define a inter-tile connection section around a perimeter of the tile.
- According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a floor tiling system, comprising:
- two reversible tiles, each tile having a first layer element offset from a second layer element, the layer elements having (i) a rectangular shape, (ii) a finished side and (iii) an opposing, unfinished side, the layer elements attachable by the unfinished sides, the offset resulting a strip of the first layer element extending beyond two sides of the second layer element and a strip of the second layer element extending beyond two sides of the first layer element,
- wherein strips of the first layer elements are dimensioned and configured to cooperate with strips of the second layer elements and strips of the second layer elements are dimensioned and configured to cooperate with strips of the first layer elements, and
- wherein the cooperation between strips yields selective interconnection of the reversible tiles, the selected interconnection permitting selective relative orientation of the tiles and selection of the finished sides facing away from the floor.
- According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of making a floating floor tile, comprising:
- providing a first section having a finished surface and an opposing unfinished sectional surface;
- providing a second section having a finished surface and an opposing unfinished sectional surface; and
- adhering the sectional surfaces together in an offset manner by the unfinished surfaces so that the sectional surface of the first section is offset from the sectional surface of the second section by a first predetermined distance along a length of the second sectional surface and by a second predetermined distance along a width of the second sectional surface.
- These, additional, and/or other aspects and/or advantages of the present invention are: set forth in the detailed description which follows; possibly inferable from the detailed description; and/or learnable by practice of the present invention.
- The present invention will be further understood and appreciated from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a floor tile consistent with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 1B is a perspective view of the floor tile ofFIG. 1A , where the floor tile is turned over; -
FIG. 2A is a perspective view of four tiles ofFIG. 1A connected to each other, where each of the tiles are oriented with a common surface pattern facing up; -
FIG. 2B is a perspective view of four tiles ofFIG. 1A connected to each other, where each of the tiles are oriented with a common surface pattern facing up; -
FIG. 2C is a perspective view of three tiles ofFIG. 1A connected to each other, where the outer two tiles are oriented with one surface pattern facing up and the middle tile is oriented with a different surface pattern facing up; -
FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a floor tile consistent with an embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIG. 3B is an enlarged perspective view of a corner of the floor tile ofFIG. 3A ; -
FIGS. 4A-4C illustrate a method of manufacturing a floor tile consistent with an embodiment of the present invention, in whichFIG. 4A is a perspective view of two floor tile sections,FIG. 4B is a perspective view showing the two floor tile sections of FIG. 4A being attached to make a floor tile consistent with an embodiment of the present invention, andFIG. 4C is a perspective view of a floor tile consistent with an embodiment of the present invention, after manufacture and prior to installation. - Reference will now be made in detail to embodiment(s) of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout. The embodiment(s) is/are described below to explain the present invention by referring to the figures.
- Referring now to
FIGS. 1A and 1B , there is shown a perspective view of afloor tile 10 consistent with an embodiment of the present invention. As will be explained in greater detail below,floor tile 10 is a “floating floor” type of tile that attaches to adjacent tiles rather than to the underlying ground.FIG. 1B is a view of the tile ofFIG. 1A in which the tile is inverted, or turned over to reveal an underside that is not visible in the view ofFIG. 1A . -
Floor tile 10 has two sections 12, each of which has a finished surface 14 and a sectional surface 16. The finished surfaces 14 and sectional surfaces 16 occupy opposing sides of their respective sections. To enhance clarity and ease of explanation, the letter suffixes “p” and “q” will be used to distinguish the two sections. Accordingly,floor tile 10 has afirst section 12 p having afinished surface 14 p and asectional surface 16 p, and has asecond section 12 q having afinished surface 14 q and asectional surface 16 q. In the view ofFIG. 1A first section 12 p is on top andsecond section 12 q is on the bottom, and these positions are reversed in the view ofFIG. 1B . - By way of non-limiting example, first finished
surface 14 p, visible inFIG. 1A , is shown as a woodgrain pattern, and secondfinished surface 14 q, visible inFIG. 1B , is shown as a circle pattern. It is a feature of the floor tile of the present embodiment that the tile is reversible. As a result, either finished surface 14 can face up and be the active tile surface, with the opposing finished surface 14 facing down and in contact with the ground. It is to be appreciated that these particular patterns are non-limiting examples only. Indeed, other patterns and/or combination of colors, patterns, textures, and materials are both contemplated and possible. - As shown in
FIG. 1B , the sections have the same dimensions of a length “y” and a width “x”. The sections are attached to each other back-to-back, but are offset from a flush connection, in which their respective corners would match, by a predetermined, fixed distance along their length and along their width. For greater clarity, offset distances “dx” and “dy” are shown on each of the figures. It can be seen from both figures that each section may be viewed as being offset or displaced in position relative to the other section by a distance dx along its width, or the “x” direction, and by a distance dy along its length, or the “y” direction. - It can further be seen that the offset positioning of sections 12 defines a connective edge or
strip 18 around the perimeter offloor tile 10.Connective edge 18 is half on one section and half on the other, as it is the portion of each sectional surface 16 that is not covered by the opposing section. Accordingly, inFIG. 1A the portion ofconnective edge 18 that is on secondsectional surface 16 q may be easily seen as a strip along the long edge of the tile having a length y and a width dx, and a strip along the short edge of the tile having a length x and a width dy. Similarly, inFIG. 1B , the portion ofconnective edge 18 that is on firstsectional surface 16 p may be easily seen as a strip along the long edge of the tile having a length y and a width dx, and a strip along the short edge of the tile having a length x and a width dy. - For greater clarity, a dashed
line 20 is drawn on the figures to indicate the hidden edge of the bottom section in that figure. It is to be appreciated that the hidden part ofconnective edge 18 in each figure, designated 18′, can be represented or visualized as the strip between dashedline 20 and the outer edge of the top section. In this way, the portion ofconnective edge 18 onsectional surface 16 p may be seen as hiddenconnective edge 18′ inFIG. 1A , and the portion onsectional surface 16 q may be seen as hiddenconnective edge 18′ inFIG. 1B . As a last note on terminology, due to their relative position, the portion ofconnective edge 18 occupying the sectional surface 16, or bottom, of a top section may be characterized as an “overhang”, while the portion occupying the sectional surface 16, or top, of a bottom section may be characterized as an “underhang”. Accordingly, hiddenconnective edges 18′ inFIGS. 1A and 1B are overhanging, and visibleconnective edges 18 may be called underhanging edges. -
Floor tiles 10 can be connected to each other by first turning each tile so that the desired finished surface 14 is facing up. The tiles are placed side-by-side so that an overhangingconnective edge 18 on one tile faces an underhangingconnective edge 18 of the adjacent tile. The tiles are pushed together so that theconnective edges 18 are flush with each other.Connective edges 18 may then be attached using an adhesive or glue as is known in the art. In some embodiments the adhesive is already placed onconnective edge 18, and is shipped with a protective cover or sheet. In such cases the sheet is removed just prior to attachment of connective edges 18. In other embodiments the adhesive may be applied at the time of installation. Theconnected tiles 10 will form a smooth and uninterrupted floor surface. - Examples of connected tiles are shown in
FIGS. 2A , 2B, and 2C. InFIG. 2A the active surface is the woodgrain pattern offinished surface 14 p, and inFIG. 2B the active surface is the circle pattern offinished surface 14 q.FIG. 2C shows a variation in which a circle pattern tile is sandwiched between two woodgrain pattern tiles. It is to be appreciated that in practice, some of thefloor tiles 10 shown inFIGS. 2A , 2B, and 2C may be cut in length by the installer to produce a more staggered and visually pleasing appearance. - The figures also show several dashed tile outlines to show where a subsequent tile might be installed, to indicate the manner in which
tiles 10 may be connected. Accordingly, tiles may be connected long side to long side, as shown bytile outline 22, short side to short side, as shown bytile outline 23, or long and short sides together, as shown bytile outline 24.Tile outline 25 also shows that a tile may be placed long side to short side. - It is to be appreciated that the dimensions of
floor tile 10 may vary over a wide range while still retaining the characteristics of the present invention. The width ofconnective edge 18 along either dx or dy should be sufficiently large so that there is enough surface area to establish a strong and secure connection between tiles, when the adhesive is applied and the tiles are joined. The appropriate size may depend on the application. For example, a tile floor placed in a garage would have to withstand the pressure of an automobile upon it. In such a case a relatively wider connective edge may be appropriate, in order to obtain a stronger connection. By way of a non-limiting example, a tile found to be adequate in a garage floor has the dimensions of 36 inches long, 12 inches wide, and 1¼ inch wide for both dx and dy, i.e. all portions ofconnective edge 18. In other embodiments, dx and dy may be slightly smaller or larger, for example, 1 inch or 1½ inches in width. - The distances dy may equal dx, so that
connective edge 18 is uniform all aroundfloor tile 10. Alternatively, dy may differ from dx. By way of a non-limiting example, one may be 1¼ inches and the other 1 inch or 1½ inches. In designing a finished floor usingfloor tiles 10, for any two tiles that are joined, the respective overhanging and underhangingconnective edges 18 preferably are substantially the same in width. - When a tile is connected long side to long side, as shown in tile outlines 22 and 24 in
FIG. 2A , theconnective edges 18 of the joined tiles each have the width dx. Similarly, when tiles are connected on their short sides, as shown in tile outlines 24 and 23 inFIGS. 2A and 2B respectively, theconnective edges 18 of the joined tiles each have the width dy. Accordingly, when using a tile set in which dy and dx are different, these types of connections would not be a problem. However, when connecting a long side of a tile to a short side of another tile, as shown for example intile outline 25 ofFIG. 2B , the connection is between dx from one tile and dy from another. Accordingly, a tile from the same set could not be used in that case as the long edge tile against a set of previously installed short tiles. In such a case, asubstitute floor tile 10 from another set could be selected whose width dx matches the width dy of the previously installed short-edge tiles. - Preferably, connected tiles have the same offset along the common joining edge so that when the tiles are attached, the respective
connective edges 18 will fit over one another precisely, and the joined tiles will abut one another, leaving no gap between them. If there is a discrepancy in width there is a likelihood that a gap will occur between the tiles. For example, if one tile hasconnective edge 18 that is 1¼ inches wide and the adjoining tile has a connective edge that is 1⅛ inches wide, there will be a ⅛ inch gap formed. - Gaps are undesirable because they mar the appearance of the tile floor, collect dirt, and make the floor harder to clean. In some applications a gap between tiles could lead to one of the tiles becoming loose and dislodged. For example, in the case of a tile floor installed in a garage, it is common for water to fall on the floor from rain or snow coming in through an open garage door, or from a person's shoes or an automobile driven into the garage. Where the tile surface is smooth and uninterrupted by gaps, the water will eventually evaporate and be harmless. However, water that falls into a gap may present a problem to the stability of the tile floor. For example, if a car drives over the gap, the heavy weight will press the water against the side of the tile. This will place a high pressure against the tile and may weaken the tile's attachment to its adjacent tile. Alternatively, the water may be forced under the tile, where it could be prevented from evaporating and cause further problems. If the garage is in a cold environment during winter the water in the gap could freeze and turn into ice. This would cause the water to expand, which would also exert a strong force or pressure against the tiles, weakening their adhesion and potentially dislodging one or both.
-
Floor tile 10 of the present embodiment can be made from any material suitable for a floor tile. An example of a material that is inexpensive and in common use is vinyl. Accordingly, in some embodiments of the invention, each section 12 can be solid vinyl. The finished surfaces 14 may be, for example, a color and/or pattern applied to one surface of the section, and the opposing, non-colored surface would be the corresponding sectional surface 16. - Additionally and/or alternatively, as
FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate, instead of being composed of a single layer, each or both section 12 could have two or more layers or laminations. For example, each section could have alayer 24 made of polyvinyl chloride (pvc) and have as another layer a plastic film 26 attached to a surface ofpvc layer 24. The plastic film 26 could have a hardness, durability, color, and pattern suitable for use as finished surface 14. The opposing surface, onpvc layer 24, would be sectional surface 16. -
FIG. 3A shows afloor tile 10 consistent with an embodiment of the present invention in which the sections 12 have the layers described above. In this figure, thetile 10 is shown with several curves or waves along its length, to reflect the fact that most embodiments offloor tile 10 are made from soft and flexible material and are therefore inherently flexible.FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of a corner of the floor tile ofFIG. 3A , showing the layers in more detail. Accordingly,FIG. 3B shows afirst pvc layer 24 p andfirst film layer 26 p fromfirst section 12 p, and second pvc layer 24 q andsecond film layer 26 q fromsecond section 12 q. For greater clarity,connective edge 18, which is part ofsectional layer 16 q, is shown shaded inFIG. 3B . - An adequate thickness for
pvc layer 24 has been found to be about 1.5 mm, or approximately 0.094 inches. Film layer 26 is relatively much thinner. Accordingly,floor tile 10 shown inFIGS. 3A and 3B is about 3 mm. - A benefit this two-layer construction in comparison to single layer construction, such as one using solid vinyl, is that it is easier to make a greater variety and more attractive patterns for finished surface 14, as film layer 26 is a more versatile medium than plain vinyl. Another benefit is that the pvc used in
pvc layer 24 is a relatively stronger material than plain vinyl. For some applications, such as in the floor of a garage, where the floor tile may be exposed to extremes of temperature, water, snow, and the weight of an automobile, it is advantageous to have a tile formed from a stronger material like pvc. - Alternatively, the
floor tile 10 can have more than two layers. It is to be appreciated thatfloor tile 10 can be designed to have as many layers with specially configured characteristics as appropriate for the application. For example, if it is desired to have a softer feel or more give in the floor, a middle foam layer may be inserted betweenpvc layer 24 and film layer 26. - Since
floor tile 10 is reversible, and it is desirable for the tile characteristics to be the same regardless of which finished surface 14 is being used, it is preferred that sections 12 be symmetrical, that is, where each section has the same number of layers with the same physical qualities. However, in at least one embodiment of the present invention sections 12 having a different number of layers and/or layers with different qualities could also be used. -
FIGS. 4A , 4B, and 4C illustrate a method of manufacturing afloor tile 10 consistent with an embodiment of the present invention. In these figures the sections 12 are shown thicker for clarity. - The method begins, as shown in
FIG. 4A , by first making or obtaining the twosections glue 28 is applied to the bottom, or sectional surfaces 16 of each section. -
FIG. 4B shows the process by which the sections are attached.Section 12 p is shown oriented the same as inFIG. 4A , withfinished section 14 p facing upwards.Section 12 q is inverted and placed across fromsection 12 p so that sectional surfaces 16 face one another. For illustration purposes, an offsetplane 30 is shown in dashed line inFIG. 4B . Offsetplane 30 has the same dimensions assection 12 p, but is offset fromsection 12 p by dx and dy for the desired predetermined distances along the section's width and length. Theinverted section 12 q is aligned with offsetplane 30 and not withsection 12 p. The two sections are then brought together, as indicated byarrow 32, to the point of contact, and form a permanent connection or bond upon the adhesive hardening. -
FIG. 4C shows the completedfloor tile 10, ready for packaging, shipment, and installation. In order to prevent uncovered adhesive 28 onconnective edge 18 from drying out and becoming unusable, a protective cover orsheet 34 such as wax paper is applied to the exposed edges. At the time of installation,sheet 34 is removed and the adhesive becomes available to connect the tile as described above. - As noted, the manufacturing process is preferably sufficiently precise so that the desired widths of dx and dy for a given set of tiles is substantially uniform for the set. While dx could be either the same as dy or different from dy for a given set of tiles, the dx values of the tiles preferably substantially match one another, and the dy values preferably substantially match one another.
- As the foregoing illustrates, embodiments of the present invention provide floor tiles that have, unlike conventional tiles that have only a single floor quality or finished surface, two such surfaces. For example,
floor tile 10 has been shown above with a woodgrain pattern surface and a circle pattern surface. Accordingly, the same tile could be sold to users that desire either a woodgrain surface pattern or a circle surface pattern. All that would need to be done would be to turn the tile at the point of installation so that the appropriate surface faces up. - This aspect of
floor tile 10 may provide cost savings for tile retailers, distributors, and installers, due to simplified logistics and improvements in inventory control. For example, a buyer may anticipate demand of about 5000 woodgrain pattern tiles and 5000 circle pattern tiles. However, the exact breakdown in any given season may be difficult, if not impossible, to know in advance. The actual demand may turn out to be, for example, 6000 woodgrain pattern tiles and 4000 circle pattern tiles. To ensure that no sales are lost, the buyer may feel compelled to order 6500 of each of the two tile types, or 13,000 tiles total. Accordingly, as a result of the inherent uncertainty in measuring demand, the buyer will incur additional costs for procurement and storage. In addition, an excess of unsold tiles of one type may result in additional carrying costs and/or heavy losses due to discounting. - By contrast, a buyer may only need to order, for example, 10,000 to 11,000
floor tiles 10 that have both types of surfaces, and be able to meet demand for both types regardless of the particular breakdown that year. Further, the risk of being stuck with a suddenly unpopular color or pattern may be reduced. Yet another benefit is that new colors or patterns could be introduced into the marketplace by placing them on the reverse side of tiles having patterns that are known to be popular. In this way, if the new tile design is unsuccessful, the tiles can still be used and not have to be returned or discarded at a loss. - Another advantage of
floor tile 10 is that the section that contacts the underlying ground provides extra distance and insulation from the ground. This section may be thought of as being, in effect, a “second floor”. This aspect of the invention may be particularly beneficial for tiles that are used in garages, balconies, patios, or other locations subject to extremes of temperature or climate. As noted, repeated extremes of temperature over several seasons cause concrete to expand and contract, which may stress and break a tile placed too close to the ground. The ground-contacting section offloor tile 10 helps to dissipate or reduce the extent to which this shifting in the ground effects the top section and finished surface of the tile. As a result,floor tile 10 may last longer than a conventional tile used in that application, and/or may be able to resist breakdown entirely. - Although selected embodiment(s) of the present invention has/have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the described embodiment(s). Instead, it is to be appreciated that changes may be made to this/these embodiment(s) without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (14)
1. A floor tile comprising:
a first section having a finished surface and an opposing unfinished sectional surface;
a second section having a finished surface and an opposing unfinished sectional surface;
the first sectional surface being attached to the second sectional surface and offset from the second sectional surface, the offset defining a connecting edge along the first and second sectional surfaces,
wherein the first finished surface and the second finished surface are opposing and outward facing, and
wherein the floor tile is connectable to an adjacent floor tile via the connecting edge.
2. The floor tile according to claim 1 , wherein the offset between the sectional surfaces is along a length and a width of each sectional surface.
3. The floor tile according to claim 2 , wherein the offsets along the length and the width of each sectional surface are the same.
4. The floor tile according to claim 3 , wherein the offset is 1.25 inches.
5. The floor tile according to claim 2 , wherein the offsets along the length and width of each sectional surface differ.
6. The floor tile according to claim 2 , wherein a thickness of the connecting edge is the same as the offset along either the length of each sectional surface or the width of each sectional surface.
7. The floor tile according to claim 1 , wherein the connecting edge has a first portion on the first sectional surface and a second portion on the second sectional surface.
8. The floor tile according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second sections are made of vinyl, and wherein the finished surfaces are at least one of a color and a pattern.
9. The floor tile according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second sections are made of polyvinyl chloride (pvc), and wherein the finished surfaces are an attached plastic film.
10. A floor tiling system, comprising
two reversible tiles, each tile having a first layer element offset from a second layer element, the layer elements having (i) a rectangular shape, (ii) a finished side and (iii) an opposing, unfinished side, the layer elements attachable by the unfinished sides, the offset resulting a strip of the first layer element extending beyond two sides of the second layer element and a strip of the second layer element extending beyond two sides of the first layer element,
wherein strips of the first layer elements are dimensioned and configured to cooperate with strips of the second layer elements and strips of the second layer elements are dimensioned and configured to cooperate with strips of the first layer elements, and
wherein the cooperation between strips yields selective interconnection of the reversible tiles, the selected interconnection permitting selective relative orientation of the tiles and selection of the finished sides facing away from the floor.
11. A method of making a floating floor tile, comprising:
providing a first section having a finished surface and an opposing unfinished sectional surface;
providing a second section having a finished surface and an opposing unfinished sectional surface; and
adhering the sectional surfaces together in an offset manner by the unfinished surfaces so that the sectional surface of the first section is offset from the sectional surface of the second section by a first predetermined distance along a length of the second sectional surface and by a second predetermined distance along a width of the second sectional surface.
12. The method for making a floating floor tile according to claim 11 , wherein the predetermined distances are the same.
13. The method for making a floating floor tile according to claim 11 , wherein the predetermined distances differ.
14. The method of claim 11 , further comprising applying a cover sheet to an uncovered portion of the first and second sectional surfaces.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/713,953 US20110209427A1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2010-02-26 | Floor Tile |
AU2010200753A AU2010200753A1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2010-03-01 | Floor Tile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/713,953 US20110209427A1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2010-02-26 | Floor Tile |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20110209427A1 true US20110209427A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
Family
ID=44504521
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/713,953 Abandoned US20110209427A1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2010-02-26 | Floor Tile |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20110209427A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2010200753A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130283719A1 (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2013-10-31 | Dieter Döhring | Surface covering comprising laminate panels and an extraneous locking element |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3988187A (en) * | 1973-02-06 | 1976-10-26 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Method of laying floor tile |
US5362560A (en) * | 1993-05-20 | 1994-11-08 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Composite tile with modified adhesive layer |
US6073408A (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 2000-06-13 | Jeda/America, Inc. | Reversible decorative tile and method of finishing same in situ |
US20070163194A1 (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2007-07-19 | Tru Woods Limited | Floor tile |
-
2010
- 2010-02-26 US US12/713,953 patent/US20110209427A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-03-01 AU AU2010200753A patent/AU2010200753A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3988187A (en) * | 1973-02-06 | 1976-10-26 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Method of laying floor tile |
US5362560A (en) * | 1993-05-20 | 1994-11-08 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Composite tile with modified adhesive layer |
US6073408A (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 2000-06-13 | Jeda/America, Inc. | Reversible decorative tile and method of finishing same in situ |
US20070163194A1 (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2007-07-19 | Tru Woods Limited | Floor tile |
US7458191B2 (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2008-12-02 | Tru Woods Limited | Floor tile |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130283719A1 (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2013-10-31 | Dieter Döhring | Surface covering comprising laminate panels and an extraneous locking element |
US9080329B2 (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2015-07-14 | Kronoplus Technical Ag | Surface covering comprising laminate panels and an extraneous locking element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2010200753A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
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