US3864887A

US3864887A - Grating

Info

Publication number: US3864887A
Application number: US395615A
Authority: US
Inventors: Erich Arens
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1972-09-12
Filing date: 1973-09-10
Publication date: 1975-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 1992-02-11
Also published as: SE382337B; NL7312505A; AT332091B; BE804714A; DE2244661B2; CH566463A5; GB1441757A; IT993199B; DE2244661A1; FR2203488A5; ATA769673A

Abstract

Grating consisting of spaced parallel rails fastened to transverse carrier bars, each rail having a lower zig-zag profile portion that slides into a similarly shaped notch in a bar and an upper portion which extends at an acute angle to the bar.

Description

United States Patent 11 1 Arens Feb. 11, 1975 GRATING 2,602,971 7/1952 Shaw 52/473 x 3,222,740 12/1965 Valverde 52/475 x [76] inventor: Erich Arens, Ewald-Rubsamen-Weg 37243337 5/1966 New" et al 52/669 X 3 u te a 3,263,388 8/1966 Bogert 52/489 Germany 3,523,396 8/1970 DeJonge 52/668 3,660,956 5/1972 Budlong 52/669 [22] Ffledf- SePt- 3.742.671 7/1973 E1115 52/666 x [2]] Appl. No.: 395,615

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Sept. 12, 1972 Germany 2244661 [52] US. Cl. 52/664, 52/473 [51] Int. Cl. E04c 2/42 [58] Field of Search 52/177, 180, 664, 669,

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Ladd 52/669 X Primary ExaminerPrice C. Faw, Jr. Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Norman S. Blodgett; Gerry A. Blodgett [57] ABSTRACT Grating consisting of spaced parallel rails fastened to transverse carrier bars, each rail having a lower zigzag profile portion that slides into a similarly shaped notch in a bar and an upper portion which extends at an acute angle to the bar.

7 Claims, 15 Drawing Figures PATENTED FEB] 1 I975 SHEET 10F 6 PATENTED FEB I I I975 SHEET l 0F 6 SHEET 8 OF 6 PATENTED FEB] 1 I975 Fig. 15

GRATING BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Bar gratings of this kind are already known in various forms. They are usually intended in each case for a quite definite purpose and, accordingly, cannot readily be used for other purposes. For example, bar gratings designed for covering overflow and heating channels in swimming pools cannot be used for covering ventilation apertures in the floor, walls, or ceilings. Bar gratings for covering overflow and heating channels in swimming pools are designed in the first place to ensure that they are strong enough to stand on. In the second place, they are intended to enable the water running from the swimming pool to run into the overflow receptacles, or to enable hot air to emerge from the heating channels. On the contrary, bar gratings for closing ventilation apertures need not be capable of being stood on, but merely have the purpose of deflecting the incoming or emerging aireflow in a definite direction. These and other difficulties experienced with the prior art devices have been obviated in a novel manner by the present invention.

It is, therefore, an outstanding object of the invention to provide grating combining several properties in one bar grating and, thus, ensure that it has a wide field of use.

Another object of this invention is the provision of grating design based on the problem of providing a grating in which the bars are held in spaced relationship and linked to one another by carrier bars extending transversely of their longitudinal direction, which grating is relatively light while being highly stable in shape, which can be made in the most varied sizes without difdirections to flowing media such as air and water.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a bar grating for covering apertures, pits or the like, more particularly for overflow receptacles and heating channels in swimming baths, or for ventilation apertures in floors, walls and ceilings, wherein the grating bars are held at a distance and linked to one another .by carrier bars extending transversely to their longitudinal direction.

The solution of the problem according to the invention is chiefly characterized in that the grating bars consist of profiled rails which have laterally directed angled portions above their connection to the carrier bars.

According to one form of the invention the angled portions of all the grating bars extend in the same direction. In this case, the angled portion of the grating bars may furthermore join the foot portion at an obtuse angle.

It is possible to make the thickness of the angled portion the same as the thickness of the foot portion. However, the thickness of the angle portion may also increase in the manner of a wedge from the foot portion to the free end.

A particularly advantageous form of configuration of the grating bars is achieved when the angled portion which extends at an obtuse angle from the foot portion is followed at an acute angle by a nose extending at a right angle to the foot portion. In this connection, it may furthermore be significant for the free end of the nose to be in the same plane as the lateral surface of the foot portion from which the angled portion extends.

For the purpose of easy fastening, the profiled rails constituting the grating bars may according to the invention comprise teeth forming a zig-zag surface on the being directed towards the base of the slot and those on the foot portions being directed away from the end of the foot. y

In those cases in which the bar gratings are used as a covering for ventilation openings, the profiled rails constituting the grating bars are anchored according to the invention by way of their foot portions in linking pieces which rest positively by means of retaining shoes on cut-back ledges extending along a flange on carrier bars of Z-shaped cross-section. The second flange on the carrier bars may in this case consitutute the supporting and fastening portions for the bar grating.

It has proved to be especially advantageous in this case for the bar grating to have associated with it a rectangular retaining frame whereof at least two parallel limbs take the form of profiled pieces of C-shaped cross-section in which the carrier rodsare releasably fastened via clamping portions resting on their second flange. The clamping portions may take the form of threaded plates displaceably guided in the C-shaped profiled pieces, into which plates there may be turned tightening screws, preferably with milled heads, mounted in the second flange on the carrier bars.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The character of the invention, however, may be best understood by reference to one of its structural forms, as illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a partially sectional perspective view of a grating built in accord withthe principles of the invention in the form of a cover which can be stood on for an overflow channel in swimming pools,

FIG. 2 shows in a larger scale, part of the grating according to FIG. 1 as viewed in the longitudinal direction,

FIG. 3 shows on a still larger scale a profile view of the grating bars according to FIGS. 1 and 2,

FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of a grating which can be stood on in the form of a cover for a heating channel disposed in the floor in front of a door,

FIG. 5 shows in a larger scale an elevational view of the grating according to FIG. 4 as seen in the longitudinal direction, two different grating-bar profiles being shown,

FIG. 6 shows an enlarged profile view of one gratingbar embodiment according to FIG. 5,

FIG. 7 shows an enlarged profile view of the other grating bar according to FIG. 5,

FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a grating according to the invention in the form of a cover for a ventilation opening disposed in a wall,

FIG. 9 shows a longitudinal section through the bar grating according to FIG. 8,

FIG. shows a mounting frame for the grating according to FIG. 8,

FIG. 11 shows a sectional view of grating shown in FIG. 8 combined with the mounting frame shown in FIG. 10 in place in a wall-opening,

FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of the grating of FIG. 8, and I FIGS. 13 to show various elevations of a linking piece used for the purpose of positively coupling the grating bars to the carrier bars extending transversely thereto.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT According to FIG. 1 of the drawing, beside a swimming pool 1 there is an overflow channel 2 which receives and collects the water which runs over from the swimming pool when waves are formed and, if desired, returns said water to the swimming pool. This overflow channel 2 is covered by a bar grating 3 in which the upper side is substantially flush with the floor 4 adjoining the overflow channel 2.

The bar grating consists of a fairly large number of grating bars 5 extending in the longitudinal direction of the overflow channel 2, said grating bars being held spaced from one another by transversely directed carrier bars 6 including linking pieces 7.

The grating bars 5 take the form of profiled rails of synthetic material or metal. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each bar has a foot portion 8 and an upwardly extending, laterally directed, angled portion 9 which adjoins the foot portion 8 at an obtuse angle.

The end of the angled portion 9 directed away from the foot portion merges at an acute angle into a laterally directed nose 10 which extends substantially at a right angle to the foot portion 8. The free end is in the same plane as that lateral surface of the foot portion 8 from which the angled portion 9 extends.

FIG. 3 makes it clear that the foot portion 8 comprises on its lateral surfaces longitudinally extending toothings 11 having a saw-tooth profile with one steep flank and one gently inclined flank. In this connection, the steep flanks of the teeth are directed away from the end of the foot. By way of these toothings 11, the grating bars 5 latch positively into matched toothings 12 disposed on the walls of grooves 13 which are fashioned in the linking pieces 7.

The grooves 13 in the linking pieces 7 are at a uniform distance from one another, so that the grating bars 5 latched into them acquire a corresponding spacing from one another.

As FIGS. 1 and 2 make clear, the noses 10 of all the grating bars 5 extend in the same direction, that is to say towards the swimming bath 1. As a result of this, the water running over from the swimming bath 1 is diverted on the shortest path into the overflow channel 2 disposed below the bar grating 3. Although the grating bars 5 are of relatively narrow profile cross-section, they comprise a relatively large surface as a result of the noses 10 which are provided. As a result, they have the advantage that they can be safely stood on even with bare feet.

The bar grating 23 according to FIG. 4 is intended as a cover which can be stood on for a heating channel 22 disposed immediately beside a door in the floor 24. Here also, the grating bars' 25 extend in the longitudinal direction of the heating channel 22, and are carried by transversely directed carrier bars 26 with the interposition of linking pieces 27.

The grating bars 25 have, just as do the grating bars 5, a foot portion 8 with longitudinally extending sawtoothing 11 which can be latched into corresponding counter-toothings 12 in the slots 13 in the linking pieces 27.

This foot portion 8 is adjoined at an obtuse angle by a laterally directed angled portion 9, which, in the form of embodiment of the grating bars 25 in the left-hand part of FIG. 5 and according to FIG. 6, widens upwardly in wedge-shaped fashion, so that the upwardly directed end surface of the angled portion is approximately 50 percent wider than'the foot portion 8. On the other hand, embodiment of the grating bars 25 according to the left-hand part of FIG. 5 and according to FIG. 7, the angled portion 9 is of such thickness that its upwardly directed end surface has the same width as the thickness of the foot portion 8.

While the grating bars 5 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 are particularly advantageously suited to use where the bar gratings are stood on with bare feet, the grating bars 25 according to FIGS. 4 to 7 may be used when the bar gratings are stood on with shoes.

The form of embodiment of the bar grating 23 according to FIG. 5 differs further from that according to FIG. 2 in that the linking pieces 27 carrying the grating bars 25 and holding on to the carrier bars 26 may be made up of a plurality of parts 28 of predetermined length, these parts 28 having at one end a recess 29 and at the other end a projection 30 which are of dovetail or similarly cut-back configuration, and may thus be positively engaged with one another.

FIGS. 8 to 12 of the drawing make it clear that bar gratings as previously described may also be used as ventilation grids 33 in wall openings. For building the grating into the building, it is particularly advantageous if the bar gratings are equipped with grating bars according to FIGS. 6 or 7, because they have a profile shape which is particuarly favorable for deflecting airflow. However, it would also be conceivable in the case of the ventilation grids 33 to use grating bars having a profile shape corresponding to FIG. 3.

In the case of the ventilation grids 33, the linking pieces 37 may have practically the same basic shape as the linking pieces 7 in FIG. 2 or the pieces 27 in FIG. 5. The carrier bars 36 are given such a cross-sectional shape that the ventilation grid 33 can be fastened outside the longitudinal region of the grating bars. For this purpose, they are of substantially Z-shaped crosssection, one flange 36 ofthe profile holding the linking pieces 37, while the other flange 36 of the profile con stitutes the supporting and fastening portion for the ventilation grid 33 beside the ventilation aperture. It may be seen from FIG. 9 how the ventilation grid 33 is directly fastened by means of the Z-profile carrier rods 36 to the periphery of the ventilation openings. However, it is also possible to equip the ventilation aperture with a mounting frame 40, as shown in FIG. 10. At least the upright limbs 41 of this building-in frame 40 consist of profiled pieces of C-shaped cross-section, which serve as fastening portions for the ventilation grid.

For this purpose, as may be seen from FIG. 11, the flanges 36 of the carrier bars 36 are equipped with clamping screws 42 whereof the clamping plates 43 may be introduced into the limbs 41 of the frame. After these clamping plates have been rotated into a transverse position (FIG. they constitute a counterbearing for the clamping screws 42, so that the ventilation grid 33 can be fastened in easily releasable fashion in the building-in frame by way of said clamping screws 43.

The carrier bars 6 (FIG. 2); 26 (FIG. 5) and 36 (FIG. 8) are provided in each case with cut-back ledges 50, for example, of T-shaped cross-section, as is particularly clearly apparent from FIG. 12. The linking

pieces

7, 27 or 37 can be fixed in positive fashion onto these ledges by way of correspondingly cut-back foot portions 41 (FIG. these linking

pieces

7, 27, 37 in turn holding the grating bars 5 and in positive fashion.

A particularly advantageous form of construction for the linking pieces is shown in FIGS. 13 to 15. The linking pieces take the form here of prefabricated elements of definite length which can be linked to one another in any desired number of means of coupling members 29 and before being pushed by way of their foot portions 51 on to the ledges 50 of the carrier bars 6, 26, 36.

The grating bars 5, 25 may be inserted into the individual parts 28 of the linking pieces before these parts 28 are linked to the carrier bars 6, 26, 36. This method produces sections of bar grating of definite width which constitute basic structural elements. Any desired number of such basic structural elements may then be joined together by way of the

coupling parts

29, 30 of the linking pieces in such a manner that they constitute the finished bar grating after having been pushed on to the profiled ledge 50 of the carrier bars 6, 26, 36. It will be realised that bar gratings of the most varied design may be quickly and simply fabricated in any desired size and for the most widely differing purposes by using the elements hereinbefore-described. Merely the length of the profiled grating bars must yet be defined by suitable cutting.

It is obvious that minor changes may be made in the form and construction of the invention without departing from the material spirit thereof. It is not, however, desired to confine the invention to the exact form herein shown and described, but it is desired to include all such as properly come within the scope claimed.

The invention having been thus described, what is claimed as new and desired to secure by Letters Patent 1. Grating for covering openings, wherein grate bars are held in spaced relationship by carrier bars extending transversely of their longitudinal direction, the grate bars (5, 25) consisting of profiled rails which have a laterally directed angled portion (9) above their fastening (7, 27, 37) to the carrier bars (6, 26, 36), the angled portions (9) of all the grate bars (5, 25) extending in the same direction, the angled portion (9) of the grate bars (5, 25) adjoining a foot portion (8) at an obtuse angle, the thickness of the angled portion (9) being the same as the thickness of the foot portion (8), the part of the angled portion (9) which is directed away at an obtuse angle from the foot portion (8) being connected at an acute angle with a nose (10), the nose (10) extends at a right angle to the foot portion (8), the free end of the nose (10) being in the same plane as the lateral surface of the foot portion (8) away from which the angle portion (9) is directed, the profiled rails constituting the grate bars (5, 25) having toothings (11) on the lateral surfaces of their foot portions (8), while linking pieces (7, 27, 37) fastened (50, 51) thereto have retaining slots (13) with correspondingly matched toothings (12), the toothings (l1, 12) being capable of being positively latched to one another, the toothings (ll, 12) having a saw-tooth profile, each tooth having one steep flank and one gently inclined flank, the steep flanks in the retaining slots (13) being directed towards the base of the slot and those on the foot portions (8) being directed away from the end of the foot,

characterized by the fact that the profiled rails constituting the grate bars (5, 25) are anchored by way of their foot portions (8) to said linking pieces (7, 27, 37) which rest positively by means of rearward retaining shoes on cut-back ledges extending longitudinally of carrier bars (6, 26, 36).

2. Grating according to claim 1 in the form of a cover for ventilation apertures,

characterized by the fact that the carrier bars (36) are of Z-shaped cross-section, and carry on the inside of one flange (36) the cut-back ledge (50) for the purpose of securing the linking pieces (37).

3. Grating according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the second flange (36 of the carrier bars (36) constitutes the supporting and fastening portions for the grate bars.

4. Grating according to claim 18, characterized by a rectangular frame (40; FIG. 10) wherein at least two parallel limbs (41) consist of profiled pieces of C- shaped cross-section in which the carrier bars (36) are releasably fastened by way of clamping portions (42) resting on their second flange (36 5.-Grating according to claim 4,

characterized by the fact that clamping portions in the form of threaded plates (43) are displaceably guided in the C-shaped profiled pieces 41), and tightening screws (42), preferably with a milled head, mounted in the second flange (36 of the carrier bars (36) can be turned into said threaded plates.

6. Grating as recited in claim 1,

characterized by the fact that the thickness of the angled portion (9) increases after the manner of a wedge from the float portion (8) toward the free end.

7. Grating for covering openings,'wherein grate bars are held in spaced relationship by carrier bars extending transversely of their longitudinal direction, the grate bars (5, 25) consisting of profiled rails which have a laterally directed angled portion (9) above their fastening (7, 27, 37) to the carrier bars (6, 26, 36), the angled portions (9) of all the grate bars (5, 25) extending in the same direction, the angled portion (9) of the grate bars (5, 25) adjoining a foot portion (8) at an obtuse angle, the profiled rails constituting the grate bars (5, 25) having toothings (11) on the lateral surfaces of their foot portions (8), while linking pieces (7, 27, 37) fastened (50, 51) thereto have retaining slots (13) with correspondingly matched toothings (12), the toothings (11, 12) being capable of being positively latched to one another, the toothings (ll, 12) having a saw-tooth profile, each tooth having one steep flank and one gently inclined flank, the steep flanks in the retaining slots (13) being directed towards the base of the slot and those on the foot portions (8) being directed away from the end of the foot,

Claims

1. Grating for covering openings, wherein grate bars are held in spaced relationship by carrier bars extending transversely of their longitudinal direction, the grate bars (5, 25) consisting of profiled rails which have a laterally directed angled portion (9) above their fastening (7, 27, 37) to the carrier bars (6, 26, 36), the angled portions (9) of all the grate bars (5, 25) extending in the same direction, the angled portion (9) of the grate bars (5, 25) adjoining a foot portion (8) at an obtuse angle, the thickness of the angled portion (9) being the same as the thickness of the foot portion (8), the part of the angled portion (9) which is directed away at an obtuse angle from the foot portion (8) being connected at an acute angle with a nose (10), the nose (10) extends at a right angle to the foot portion (8), the free end of the nose (10) being in the same plane as the lateral surface of the foot portion (8) away from which the angle portion (9) is directed, the profiled rails constituting the grate bars (5, 25) having toothings (11) on the lateral surfaces of their foot portions (8), while linking pieces (7, 27, 37) fastened (50, 51) thereto have retaining slots (13) with correspondingly matched toothings (12), the toothings (11, 12) being capable of being positively latched to one another, the toothings (11, 12) having a saw-tooth profile, each tooth having one steep flank and one gently inclined flank, the steep flanks in the retaining slots (13) being directed towards the base of the slot and those on the foot portions (8) being directed away from the end of the foot, characterized by the fact that the profiled rails constituting the grate bars (5, 25) are anchored by way of their foot portions (8) to said linking pieces (7, 27, 37) which rest positively by means of rearward retaining shoes on cut-back ledges extending longitudinally of carrier bars (6, 26, 36).

2. Grating according to claim 1 in the form of a cover for ventilation apertures, characterized by the fact that the carrier bars (36) are of Z-shaped cross-section, and carry on the inside of one flange (361) the cut-back ledge (50) for the purpose of securing the linking pieces (37).

3. Grating according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the second flange (362) of the carrier bars (36) constitutes the supporting and fastening portions for the grate bars.

4. Grating according to claim 18, characterized by a rectangular frame (40; FIG. 10) wherein at least two parallel limbs (41) consist of profiled pieces of C-shaped cross-section in which the carrier bars (36) are releasably fastened by way of clamping portions (42) resting on their second flange (362).

5. Grating according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that clamping portions in the form of threaded plates (43) are displaceably guided in the C-shaped profiled pieces (41), and tightening screws (42), preferably with a milled head, mounted in the second flange (362) of the carrier bars (36) can be turned into said threaded plates.

6. Grating as recited in claim 1, characterized by the fact that the thickness of the angled portion (9) increases after the manner of a wedge from the float portion (8) toward the free end.

7. Grating for covering openings, wherein grate bars are held in spaced relationship by carrier bars extending transversely of their longitudinal direction, the grate bars (5, 25) consisting of profiled rails Which have a laterally directed angled portion (9) above their fastening (7, 27, 37) to the carrier bars (6, 26, 36), the angled portions (9) of all the grate bars (5, 25) extending in the same direction, the angled portion (9) of the grate bars (5, 25) adjoining a foot portion (8) at an obtuse angle, the profiled rails constituting the grate bars (5, 25) having toothings (11) on the lateral surfaces of their foot portions (8), while linking pieces (7, 27, 37) fastened (50, 51) thereto have retaining slots (13) with correspondingly matched toothings (12), the toothings (11, 12) being capable of being positively latched to one another, the toothings (11, 12) having a saw-tooth profile, each tooth having one steep flank and one gently inclined flank, the steep flanks in the retaining slots (13) being directed towards the base of the slot and those on the foot portions (8) being directed away from the end of the foot, characterized by the fact that the profiled rails constituting the grate bars (5, 25) are anchored by way of their foot portions (8) to said linking pieces (7, 27, 37) which rest positively by means of rearward retaining shoes on cut-back ledges extending longitudinally of carrier bars (6, 26, 36).