US673364A - Process of the purification of aluminium. - Google Patents
Process of the purification of aluminium. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US673364A US673364A US2881500A US1900028815A US673364A US 673364 A US673364 A US 673364A US 2881500 A US2881500 A US 2881500A US 1900028815 A US1900028815 A US 1900028815A US 673364 A US673364 A US 673364A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- aluminium
- bath
- anode
- fluorid
- impure
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/24—Refining
Definitions
- aluminium is the most readily oxidizable element present in the usual specimens of impure aluminium, so that when the current sets free aluminium at the cathode and fluorin at the anode, the aluminium having greater affinity for fluorin than have the usual impuritiessilicon, iron, or copper-the aluminium of the anode will be attacked by the fiuorin, If the aluminium anode should contain as impurity any metal-such as magnesium, sodium, or potassiumwhich has a greater affinity for fluorin than has aluminium, such metals, although they would be dissolved by the bath, would not be deposited at the cathode, since their fluorids are less easily decomposed by the electric current than is alu minium fluorid.
- the eIfec-t therefore, of using impure aluminium as the anode of the electrolytic cell is to deposit pure aluminium on the cathode, the impurities of the anode which have less affinity for fluorin than aluminium remain undissolved, and those that have a greater affinity for fluorin than has aluminium pass into and remain in the bath.
- 2 represents an electrolytic pot having a carbon lining 3, adapted to contain a molten bath 4 of double fluorid of aluminium and sodium.
- a molten bath 4 of double fluorid of aluminium and sodium.
- One or more fluorids of other metals more electropositive than aluminium maybe substituted for the fluorid of sodium.
- a carbon tray or holder 5 is set in the pot and is connected to the positive terminal of the electric generator by a conductor 6, which is protected from the bath by a carbon tube or sheath 7 and which may serve as the support for the tray.
- the tray is charged with a body of impure aluminium 8 in a melted state, and a current having a density, preferably, of twenty to thirty ampcres per square inch of the surface of the aluminium anode 8 is passed through the bath for several hours.
Description
No. 673,364. Patented Apr. 30, NHL W. HOUPES.
PROCESS OF THEPURIFICATION 0F ALUMINIUM.
(Application filed Sept. 1, 1900.)
(No Model.)
WITNESSES INYEN'I'OR WWW 70:2614 mum m: NORRIS PETERS o0. pnomuwo, whsumumm a c while the impurities remain unaffected.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM HOOPES, OF NEW KENSINGTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE PITTSBURGH REDUCTION COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.
PROCESS OF THE PURIFICATION OF ALUMINIUM.
SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 673,364, dated April 30, 1901.
Application filed September 1, 1900. Serial No. 28,815- (No specimens.)
To all whom, it may concern:
Be it known that l, WILLIAM HOOPES, of New Kensington, in the county of Westmoreland and State of Penusylvania,have invented a new Process for the Purification of Aluminium, of which the following is a specification.
I have discovered that if impure aluminium is used in a melted state as anode in an electrolytic cell, especially one in which the electrolyte contains fused aluminium fluorid and afiuorid of a metal more electropositive than aluminium, pure aluminium will be deposited at the cathode when current is passed through the cell. I attribute this to the fact that aluminium is the most readily oxidizable element present in the usual specimens of impure aluminium, so that when the current sets free aluminium at the cathode and fluorin at the anode, the aluminium having greater affinity for fluorin than have the usual impuritiessilicon, iron, or copper-the aluminium of the anode will be attacked by the fiuorin, If the aluminium anode should contain as impurity any metal-such as magnesium, sodium, or potassiumwhich has a greater affinity for fluorin than has aluminium, such metals, although they would be dissolved by the bath, would not be deposited at the cathode, since their fluorids are less easily decomposed by the electric current than is alu minium fluorid. They would merely cause some of the aluminium fluorid in the bath to be displaced by the fluorid of the metal dissolved. The eIfec-t, therefore, of using impure aluminium as the anode of the electrolytic cell is to deposit pure aluminium on the cathode, the impurities of the anode which have less affinity for fluorin than aluminium remain undissolved, and those that have a greater affinity for fluorin than has aluminium pass into and remain in the bath. A somewhatsimilar action takes place When the bath "contains alumina in solution, as in this case the aluminium anode Will be attacked by the oxygen set free in advance of all impurities likely to be found excepting magnesium and calcium, and if these are present they will be dissolved by the oxygen and will remain in solution so long as any dissolved alumina is present. I have made these discoveries the basis of a process of purifying impure aluminium, and I will now describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows in cross-section a form of apparatus in which my process may be practiced, although other forms of apparatus may be substituted.
In the drawing, 2 represents an electrolytic pot having a carbon lining 3, adapted to contain a molten bath 4 of double fluorid of aluminium and sodium. One or more fluorids of other metals more electropositive than aluminium maybe substituted for the fluorid of sodium. A carbon tray or holder 5 is set in the pot and is connected to the positive terminal of the electric generator by a conductor 6, which is protected from the bath by a carbon tube or sheath 7 and which may serve as the support for the tray. The tray is charged with a body of impure aluminium 8 in a melted state, and a current having a density, preferably, of twenty to thirty ampcres per square inch of the surface of the aluminium anode 8 is passed through the bath for several hours. It will be .found that by such procedure the aluminium will be caused to deposit on the surface of the pot-lining 3, which is the cathode, and that the impurities will remain in the residuum of metal which remains in the suspended tray. Metal of great purity can thus be obtained at the oathode. Like results are obtainable when alumina is dissolved in the double-fluorid bath.
In my broader claims I do not restrict myself to the fluorid-bath described, as other molten baths may be used within the scope of my invention.
1 claim-- 1. The method herein described of purifying impure aluminium, which consists in passing an electric current from an anode composed of such impure aluminium in a melted state to a suitable cathode through a bath capable during electrolysis of dissolving the aluminium of the anode; substantially as described.
2. The method herein described of purifying impure aluminium, which consists in passing an electric current from an anode composed of such impure aluminium in a melted state to a suitable cathode,- through a bath containing fiuorid of aluminium and the fluorid of a metal more electropositive than aluminium; substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.
WILLIAM HOOPES.
Witnesses: F. E. GAITHER, G. B. BLEMINGi
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US2881500A US673364A (en) | 1900-09-01 | 1900-09-01 | Process of the purification of aluminium. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US2881500A US673364A (en) | 1900-09-01 | 1900-09-01 | Process of the purification of aluminium. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US673364A true US673364A (en) | 1901-04-30 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US2881500A Expired - Lifetime US673364A (en) | 1900-09-01 | 1900-09-01 | Process of the purification of aluminium. |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2512157A (en) * | 1946-03-20 | 1950-06-20 | Reynolds Metals Co | Purification of aluminum |
US2539743A (en) * | 1946-01-03 | 1951-01-30 | Reynolds Metals Co | Electrolytic refining of impure aluminum |
US3110660A (en) * | 1960-11-28 | 1963-11-12 | Reynolds Metals Co | Cathode structure for electrolytic reduction cell |
US4183745A (en) * | 1976-02-16 | 1980-01-15 | Yoshishige Tsumura | Demagging process for aluminum alloy without air pollution |
US4214955A (en) * | 1979-01-02 | 1980-07-29 | Aluminum Company Of America | Electrolytic purification of metals |
-
1900
- 1900-09-01 US US2881500A patent/US673364A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2539743A (en) * | 1946-01-03 | 1951-01-30 | Reynolds Metals Co | Electrolytic refining of impure aluminum |
US2512157A (en) * | 1946-03-20 | 1950-06-20 | Reynolds Metals Co | Purification of aluminum |
US3110660A (en) * | 1960-11-28 | 1963-11-12 | Reynolds Metals Co | Cathode structure for electrolytic reduction cell |
US4183745A (en) * | 1976-02-16 | 1980-01-15 | Yoshishige Tsumura | Demagging process for aluminum alloy without air pollution |
US4214955A (en) * | 1979-01-02 | 1980-07-29 | Aluminum Company Of America | Electrolytic purification of metals |
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