WO2011034835A2 - Spill containing refrigerator shelf assembly - Google Patents
Spill containing refrigerator shelf assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011034835A2 WO2011034835A2 PCT/US2010/048711 US2010048711W WO2011034835A2 WO 2011034835 A2 WO2011034835 A2 WO 2011034835A2 US 2010048711 W US2010048711 W US 2010048711W WO 2011034835 A2 WO2011034835 A2 WO 2011034835A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- shelf
- hydrophobic
- top surface
- panel
- shelf assembly
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
- A47B96/02—Shelves
- A47B96/021—Structural features of shelf bases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B95/00—Fittings for furniture
- A47B95/04—Keyplates; Ornaments or the like
- A47B95/043—Protecting rims, buffers or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
- A47B96/02—Shelves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
- A47B96/02—Shelves
- A47B96/027—Cantilever shelves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
- A47B96/02—Shelves
- A47B96/027—Cantilever shelves
- A47B96/028—Cantilever shelves characterised by support bracket location means, e.g. fixing means between support bracket and shelf
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
- A47B96/06—Brackets or similar supporting means for cabinets, racks or shelves
- A47B96/062—Brackets or similar supporting means for cabinets, racks or shelves for glass shelves
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C15/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/28—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material
- C03C17/30—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with silicon-containing compounds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C15/00—Details
- F24C15/10—Tops, e.g. hot plates; Rings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D23/00—General constructional features
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
- F25D25/02—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled by shelves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
- F25D25/02—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled by shelves
- F25D25/024—Slidable shelves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
- C03C2217/76—Hydrophobic and oleophobic coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
- C03C2218/31—Pre-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
- C03C2218/34—Masking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2325/00—Charging, supporting or discharging the articles to be cooled, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2325/022—Shelves made of glass or ceramic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
- F25D2400/22—Cleaning means for refrigerating devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49888—Subsequently coating
Definitions
- a shelf panel for a refrigerator compartment which includes a shelf panel that is slidably supported for extension and retraction on a support, and which includes slide members that are preferably molded so as to form a rim on the top support surface of the shelf panel to contain liquids.
- Additional techniques for containing spills in refrigerator shelving include the use of injection molded plastic, so as to encapsulate a support plate forming the shelf, using plastic molded parts to essentially "sandwich" a support plate between the parts, or using a silicone sealant or various other types of adhesives to form physical spill containment barriers around the perimeter of the refrigerator shelving.
- injection molded plastic so as to encapsulate a support plate forming the shelf
- plastic molded parts to essentially "sandwich” a support plate between the parts
- silicone sealant or various other types of adhesives to form physical spill containment barriers around the perimeter of the refrigerator shelving.
- the present invention is a method for containing spills on shelving and the like having a support top surface, and the resulting items made in accordance with the method, by providing the support top surface with a hydrophobic surface which is arranged in a spill containment pattern and which is generally in the plane of the top surface of the support.
- the majority of the top surface of the support consists of one or more spill containment areas which are of a non-hydrophobic nature and which are bounded by the hydrophobic surfaces, such that spills on the surface collect in the non-hydrophobic spill containment area or areas and are prevented from spreading by the hydrophobic surfaces.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a prior art shelf assembly mounted on a pair of support brackets, and utilizing the concept of encapsulation of a shelf for providing spill containment features;
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a shelf assembly in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention including a shelf mounted on a pair of support brackets, the shelf including a hydrophobic spill containment pattern disposed on the top surface thereof to contain spilled liquids;
- FIG. 4 is a front, elevation view of the shelf assembly shown in FIG. 3, with the absence of the support brackets;
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a shelf assembly constructed in accordance with the present disclosure and having a grid-like hydrophobic spill containment pattern;
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of yet another alternative embodiment shelf assembly constructed in accordance with the present disclosure and having a hydrophobic spill containment pattern that includes first and second borders;
- FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of a shelf assembly including support brackets constructed in accordance with a first embodiment the present disclosure
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the shelf assembly of FIG. 7 taken through line VIII- VIII of FIG. 7;
- FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of a shelf assembly including support brackets constructed in accordance with a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a shelf assembly including support brackets constructed in accordance with a third embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the shelf assembly of FIG. 11 taken through line XI-XI of FIG. 11;
- FIG. 13 is a side view of a shelf assembly including support brackets constructed in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the shelf assembly of FIG. 13 taken through line XIV-XIV of FIG. 13;
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a shelf assembly including support brackets constructed in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a support bracket of the shelf assembly of FIG. 15;
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the shelf assembly of FIG. 15 taken through line XVII-XVII of FIG. 15;
- FIG. 19 is a top view of a shelf assembly including front and rear trim components in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 20 is a side view of the shelf assembly of FIG. 19;
- FIG. 21 is a detail view of the front trim component of the shelf assembly of FIGS. 19 and 20 taken from circle XXI of FIG. 20;
- FIG. 22 is a detail view of the rear trim component of the shelf assembly of FIGS. 19 and 20 taken from circle XXII of FIG. 20;
- FIG. 24 is a graph showing the water height retention test results after abrasion with a glass jar for three shelves formed in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure
- FIG. 25 is a graph showing the water height retention test results after performing a cleaning process on three shelves formed in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the term "shelving and/or the like,” “shelving,” “shelf,” or “shelf and/or the like” encompasses shelves and articles whose top surfaces such as pantry shelves, countertops, stovetops, cook-tops, and table tops. Certain embodiments are especially advantageous for use in refrigerator and freezer shelving.
- refrigerator shelving is provided with a spill containment pattern which may consist of a hydrophobic surface in the pattern of a frame-like border, which defines the boundaries of a single non- hydrophobic spill containment area therein.
- the pattern may be a frame-like border which extends along the perimeter of the shelf s top surface (FIG. 3), or it may be spaced from the perimeter and encompass a smaller portion of the top surface, and may include an outer border with a final spill catch area between the inner and outer border (FIG. 6). It may consist of a hydrophobic surface in a grid-like pattern, which pattern defines the boundaries of several spill containment areas therein (FIG. 5).
- Other variations are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
- a preferred embodiment shelf may be incorporated into a shelving assembly with a shelf-supporting mechanism, such as a bracket, and a shelf, which is capable of supporting articles on its top surface.
- a shelf-supporting mechanism such as a bracket
- the disclosure provided herein relates to the shelf portion of the assembly, and various brackets that can be used with the shelf.
- the non-hydrophobic region of the top surface is bounded by the hydrophobic spill containment pattern such that spilled liquids are repelled by the hydrophobic spill containment pattern and pool and remain contained on these non-hydrophobic spill containing areas by the hydrophobic surfaces.
- the shelves described herein can be adapted for use as refrigerator or freezer shelves, for example.
- a hydrophobic or super hydrophobic surface treatment may be applied to the shelf substrate's top surface to create the hydrophobic spill containment pattern described herein in a variety of methods, and any surface coatings may be used which are known to be hydrophobic or super-hydrophobic or are known to make a surface hydrophobic or super-hydrophobic.
- the hydrophobic surface described herein is not limited to any specific hydrophobic or super hydrophobic surface treatment, and any method of making a portion of the surface of the shelf substrate hydrophobic may be employed.
- hydrophobic compounds there are several hydrophobic compounds which may be used.
- Some of the hydrophobic compounds include: fluorocarbons; fluoroalkyl silanes; fluoroalkoxy silanes; and fluoroalkyl alkyl silanes. Any such hydrophobic compounds or a mixture thereof can be used to create the hydrophobic surfaces described herein, and other applicable hydrophobic compounds could also be used. It is believed that tridecafluoro-l,l,2,2-tetrahydrooctyl trichlorosilane provides a good example of a suitable hydrophobic compound.
- Other suitable hydrophobic compounds include, for example,
- methods of creating the hydrophobic surface may include, without limitation: application of a hydrophobic compound to the top surface using an application technique such as spraying; brushing; wiping; dipping; solvent casting; flow coating; curtain coating; roller coating; spin coating; printing; screen printing; ink jet printing; vacuum coating; magnetic field-assisted cathodic sputtering; plasma deposition; plasma magnetron deposition; plasma or atmospheric CVD; powder or liquid pyrolysis; atomization or chemical vapor deposition; electrophoretic deposition; cross-linking processes; etc.
- an application technique such as spraying; brushing; wiping; dipping; solvent casting; flow coating; curtain coating; roller coating; spin coating; printing; screen printing; ink jet printing; vacuum coating; magnetic field-assisted cathodic sputtering; plasma deposition; plasma magnetron deposition; plasma or atmospheric CVD; powder or liquid pyrolysis; atomization or chemical vapor deposition; electrophoretic deposition; cross-linking processes; etc.
- Another method of creating the hydrophobic surface can include "roughening" the portion of the surface of the substrate to be made hydrophobic using various methods (sanding, abrading, etching, e.g., acid etching, or otherwise removing material from the surface) and then applying a hydrophobic compound to the "roughened” surface.
- Etching can be performed using, for example, hydrofluoric acid, sodium silicate, bifluorides, including for example, a ammonium bifluoride sodium bifluoride, and mixtures thereof, any other known etching solutions, and any mixtures thereof.
- etching solutions are available, for example from Armour ® Products (Hawthorne, New Jersey).
- the Armour Etch Bath ® Glass Dipping Solution product name
- Armour Etch ® Glass Etching Cream product name
- the etching solution can be applied to the substrate surface with an applicator in the desired pattern.
- a mask, which is resistant to the etching solution, can be placed on the region of the substrate to be non-hydrophobic to protect this region from being etched.
- the etching solution can be allowed to remain on the substrate surface for a time in a range of about 15 seconds to about 20 minutes, about 20 seconds to about 15 minutes, about 30 seconds to about 10 minutes, about 45 seconds to about 8 minutes, about 1 minute to about 10 minutes, about 2 minutes to about 8 minutes, about 4 minutes to about 6 minutes, about 15 seconds to about 1 minute, about 20 seconds to about 50 seconds, about 25 seconds to about 45 seconds, about 30 seconds to about 40 seconds, about 1 minute to about 20 minutes, about 5 to about 15 minutes, or about 7 minutes to about 10 minutes.
- Other suitable times include, for example, about 15 seconds, 20 seconds, 25 seconds, 30 seconds, 35 seconds, 40 seconds, 45 seconds, 50 seconds, 55 seconds, 1 minute, 2 minutes, 3 minutes, 4 minutes, 5 minutes, 6 minutes, 7 minutes, 8 minutes, 9 minutes, 10 minutes, 11 minutes, 12 minutes, 13 minutes, 14 minutes, 15 minutes, 16 minutes, 17 minutes, 18 minutes, 19 minutes, and 20 minutes.
- the substrate can be first prepared by applying and curing a ceramic frit material to the substrate.
- the ceramic frit material can then be etched using an etching solution as described above, and a hydrophobic compound can be applied to the etched ceramic frit.
- the entire substrate including the ceramic frit material can be etched using an etching solution, and a hydrophobic compound can then be applied to the etched ceramic frit.
- etching the ceramic frit prior to application of the hydrophobic compound can improve the hydrophobic properties of the spill containment pattern by creating additional bonding sites on the ceramic frit to which the hydrophobic compound can bond.
- the etched ceramic frit may include more surface area to which the hydrophobic compound can attached by virtue of the combined macro-scale surface roughening provided by the ceramic frit and micro- scale surface roughening provided by etching the ceramic frit.
- the hydrophobic surface treatments described herein can be cured according to a number of different methods, if curing is required by the surface preparation or the hydrophobic compound, including without limitation: conduction heating; convection heating; UV radiation; VUV radiation; electron beam irradiation; ionizing radiation; laser; IR; and thermal radiation.
- the hydrophobic surface treatments can also be cured by remaining at ambient conditions for a sufficient length of time, for example, from about 16 hours to about 48 hours, from about 20 hours to about 40 hours, and from about 25 hours to about 35 hours. Curing can be performed in a controlled humidity environment.
- the shelf assembly comprises a glass or tempered glass shelf substrate which is printed, e.g., screen printed, with a ceramic frit material, over which a hydrophobic coating is applied.
- the ceramic frit can be patterned on the substrate using any known placing, printing, or other patterning methods.
- the ceramic frit material is placed or printed in a pattern, for example, a frame-like border pattern on the glass substrate, which defines at least a portion of the spill containment pattern.
- the ceramic frit material can be screen printed onto the substrate in the desired pattern using, for example, a silk screen having a mesh count in a range of about 80 to about 360, about 100 to about 300, about 120 to about 280, about 140 to about 240, about 160 to about 220, about 180 to about 200, about 86 to about 360.
- Other suitable mesh counts include about 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, 310, 320, 340, 350, and 360.
- the hydrophobic spill containment pattern and consequently, the frit pattern, can have a variety of shapes and sizes, and can be placed in a variety of locations on the glass substrate. Additionally, portions of the hydrophobic spill containment pattern can be formed, for example, using different hydrophobic compounds and/or different surface treatments. For example, a portion of the spill containment pattern can be formed, for example, by applying and curing a ceramic frit to the substrate and applying a
- hydrophobic compound to the cured ceramic frit (as described in more detail below) and another portion of the hydrophobic spill containment pattern can be formed, for example, by acid etching a portion of the substrate and applying the hydrophobic compound to the etched portion.
- the ceramic frit material can include finely ground particles.
- the ceramic frit material can include lead oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, and mixtures thereof.
- the frit material includes silicon dioxide. More preferably, the frit material includes from 5 weight percent (wt.%) to about 100 wt.% silicon dioxide, from about 10 wt.% to about 80 wt.%, from about 20 wt.% to about 60 wt.% from about 30 wt.% to about 40 wt.% from about 15 wt.% to about 75 wt.%, from about 20 wt.% to about 50 wt.%.
- suitable amounts of silicon dioxide in the frit material can include, for example, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 and 100 wt.%.
- the frit material can include about 29 wt.% silicon dioxide.
- the frit material can also include, for example, additives, such as tantalum oxide, titanium dioxide, calcium oxide, zirconium oxide, sodium oxide, potassium oxides, iron oxide magnesium oxide, barium oxide, bismuth oxide, and mixtures thereof.
- Suitable commercially available frit materials can be used.
- a commercially available frit material is available from Ferro Corp. (hereinafter "the Ferro frit") under Product No.
- the ceramic frit material may be provided as a dry powder or as a paste or other such mixture. Once the ceramic frit material is placed on the substrate, the ceramic frit is then coupled to the substrate. For example, the ceramic frit can be coupled to the substrate by fusing the ceramic frit to the substrate. The ceramic frit can be coupled or fused to substrate by heating the substrate to a temperature in a range of about 1000°F to about 1400°F, about 1100°F to about 1300°F, about 1100°F to about 1200°F, and about 1200°F to about 1400°F.
- suitable temperatures include about 1000°F, 1050°F, 1100°F, 1150°F, 1200°F, 1250°F, 1300°F, 1350°F, and 1400°F.
- This heat treatment will cause the particles of the ceramic frit to cure by fusing to each other and to the glass surface to form a continuous structure and thereby couple the ceramic frit to the substrate.
- the pattern of the fused frit will be substantially identical to the pattern in which the frit material was placed on the substrate. It is believed that this fused frit coating can be characterized as being nearly as hard and tough as the glass itself. Also, the coated glass with the ceramic frit material is durable, and resists chipping, peeling, fading, and scratching.
- the ceramic frit can include some micro- scale additive particles which will remain unmelted at the temperature at which the frit is sintered, as described for example in U.S. Patents 4,591,530 to Lui, 6,872,441 and 6,800,354 to Baumann, and 5,324,566 and 5,437,894 to Ogawa.
- the frit is printed or placed in the pattern of a frame-like border at or near the outer perimeter of the shelf substrate's top surface or other desired location for the spill containment pattern.
- the shelf with the printed frit is then heated to a temperature above the melting point of the primary components of the frit material, but below the melting point of the glass shelf, for a time sufficient to cure the frit so that it is fused or bonded to the top surface of the shelf substrate.
- the specific time and temperature required to sinter the frit will vary based on the materials chosen for the frit.
- the application of the hydrophobic compound will be described with reference to a glass substrate having a fused frit surface modification.
- Other surface modifications and/or preparations including for example, acid etching and other surface roughening methods, can be used as described above, and the hydrophobic compound can be similarly applied to such surface modified substrates.
- the hydrophobic compound such as, for example, a fluorocarbon, a fluoroalkyl silane, a fluoroalkoxy silane, or a fluoroalkyl alkyl silane is then applied to the fused frit material.
- Suitable hydrophobic compounds can include, for example, tridecafluoro-l,l,2,2-tetrahydrooctyl trichlorosilane, nonafluorohexyldimethyl(dimethylamino)silane,
- the hydrophobic compound can be applied to the frit material as a hydrophobic solution, which includes a solvent and the hydrophobic compound dissolved or dispersed in the solvent.
- the solvent can be, for example, dry or wet hexane. Suitable solvents include, for example, hexane, heptanes, methyl chloride, naptha, toluene, acetone, perfluorocarbons, and mixtures thereof.
- the hydrophobic solution can include from about 0.1% to about 5% of hydrophobic compound. Other suitable ranges include, for example, about 0.5 % to 4%, about 1% to about 3%, about 1% to about 5%, and about 2% to about 4%.
- Suitable amounts of the hydrophobic compound in the hydrophobic solution can include, for example, about 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, and 5%.
- a 1% solution of tridecafluoro-1,1,2,2- tetrahydrooctyl trichlorosilane, a perfluoroalkyl alkyl silane, in hexane can be applied to the fused frit, for example by wiping the solution onto the frit or applying the solution using an applicator tip, or by using any other known method.
- the hydrophobic compound can be applied to the solution using, for example, a one pass method in which a coated applicator is swept across the frit border a single time or a multiple pass method in which the applicator is passed over the frit border two or more times.
- the hydrophobic solution is then cured by heating it and/or exposing it to controlled humidity for a period of time.
- conductive heating, convention heating, thermal radiation, UV radiation, VUV radiation, electron beam irradiation, ionizing radiation, laser, IR can be used to cure the hydrophobic solution.
- the hydrophobic solution can be cured, for example, at a temperature in a range of about 100°F to about 600°F, about 150°F to about 550°F, about 200°F to about 500°F, about 250°F to about 450°F, about 300°F to about 350°F, or about 100°F to about 300°F.
- Other suitable temperatures include, for example, about 100°F, 150°F, 200°F, 250°F, 300°F, 350°F, 400°F, 450°F, 500°F, 550°F, and 600°F.
- the hydrophobic solution can be cured, for example, by heating for a time in a range of about 5 minutes to about 1 hour, about 10 minutes to about 45 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 20 minutes, and about 15 minutes to about 30 minutes. Other suitable times include, for example, about 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 minutes.
- the hydrophobic solution can be cured without heating. Heating, however, can accelerate the curing process.
- the hydrophobic solution can be allowed to cure by leaving the glass substrate having the cured ceramic frit coated with the hydrophobic solution in ambient conditions for a time in a range of about 16 to about 48 hours, about 20 to about 40 hours, about 25 to about 35 hours, about 16 to about 24 hours, or about 20 hours to about 30 hours.
- the hydrophobic solution can be cured, whether at elevated temperatures or at ambient temperature, in relatively dry environment.
- the hydrophobic solution can be cured in an environment having less than 70% humidity, less than 60% humidity, less than 50% humidity, less than 40% humidity, less than 30% humidity, less than 20% humidity, less than 10% humidity, or at 0% humidity.
- the hydrophobic compound Upon curing, the hydrophobic compound preferably forms a continuous hydrophobic layer on the fused frit or other surface treatment.
- Si-OH groups of adjacent silane molecules are also caused to react and form Si-O-Si cross linkages, thereby forming a continuous hydrophobic layer across the frit material.
- the method described herein will produce a hydrophobic surface that is a continuous border around the perimeter of the shelf s top surface which will operate as a spill containment feature.
- frit material is commercially available in multiple colors and can be printed in a manner which allows for the inclusion of designs, company names or logos in the surface area where the frit material is applied to the shelf substrate.
- the spill containment pattern can retain a spill having a height of about 0.5 mm, about 1 mm, about 1.5 mm, about 2 mm, about 2.5 mm, about 3 mm, about 3.5 mm, about 4 mm, about 4.5 mm, about 5mm, or about 5.5 mm.
- the height of the spill liquid provides a measure of the amount of spilled liquid retained by a shelf regardless of the area of the non-hydrophobic spill containing region of the shelf.
- the height of the retained spill liquid is determined by dividing the volume of spill liquid retained by the shelf before failure (i.e. leakage) by the area of the non-hydrophobic spill containing region.
- the hydrophobic surface is generally in the plane of the top surface of the shelf is intended to include surfaces and surface treatments, all or a portion of which may extend a small distance above the level of the top surface of the shelf which is not readily noticeable to the naked eye.
- the hydrophobic surface may be a hydrophobic coating, or a combination of a layer of ceramic frit and a hydrophobic coating on the ceramic frit.
- Such layers typically have a thickness of from about 0.001 microns to about 250 microns. Other suitable thickness ranges include from about 0.001 microns to about 2 microns, about 0.01 microns to about 1.5 microns, about 0.1 microns to about 1 microns, about
- microns to about 10 microns about 0.01 microns to about 8 microns, about 0.05 microns to about 7 microns, about 0.1 microns to about 5 microns, about 1 micron to about 4 microns, about 1 micron to about 10 microns, about 2 microns to about 8 microns, about 4 microns to about 6 microns, about 10 microns to about 100 microns, about 20 microns to about 80 microns, about 40 microns to about 60 microns, about 100 microns to about 250 microns, about 150 to about 200 microns, about 1 micron to about 250 microns, about 10 microns to about 200 microns, about 20 microns to about 150 microns, about 30 microns to about 100 microns, about 40 microns to about 80 microns, and about 50 microns to about 70 microns.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a prior art shelving assembly 1000.
- the assembly 1000 is shown in fairly simplistic format.
- the assembly 1000 may include a number of other components, including elements such as shelf support brackets, for example.
- the assembly 1000 includes a frame 1002 which is rectangular in configuration and surrounds and is secured to an inner plastic rim 1004.
- the plastic rim 1004 is also a rectangular configuration.
- the plastic rim 1004 is utilized to encapsulate a shelf panel 1006.
- the shelf panel 1006 could be constructed of glass or similar materials.
- the frame 1002, plastic rim 1004 and shelf panel 1006 are supported on a pair of opposing side plates 1008. [0057]
- a soda can 1010 is illustrated as being left on its side on the upper surface of the shelf panel 1006.
- the soda can 1010 has spilled liquid which is shown as liquid 1012 on a portion of the shelf panel 1006.
- the visible edge of the shelf panel 1006 located on its upper surface at the intersection of the perimeter of the plastic rim 1004 may include a sealed edge 1014.
- the sealed edge 1014 may merely include some type of a sealing adhesive or, alternatively, a silicone material or the like. In this manner, an attempt is made to essentially provide a raised physical barrier that is sealed to the shelf panel 1006 to seal the spilled liquid 1012 from spillage off of the shelf panel 1006.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 A preferred embodiment shelf assembly 1020 of the present disclosure is illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the shelf assembly 1020 is characterized as having a shelf panel 1024 with a hydrophobic surface 1030 (shown shaded) arranged and configured in a spill containment pattern 1021 on a top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024 to provide the spill
- the spill containment pattern 1021 of the hydrophobic surface 1030 consists of a frame-like border disposed at or around the outer perimeter of the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024, thereby completely bounding, encircling, and/or enclosing a non-hydrophobic central portion 1025 of the shelf panel 1024. More specifically, the spill containment pattern 1021 of the embodiment depicted in FIGS. 3 and 4 includes a continuous pattern formed of parallel left and right side edge containment strips 1021a, 1021b, and parallel front and rear edge containment strips 1021c, 1021d, i.e., all respectively engaged to adjacent ones.
- Each of the edge containment strips 1021a-1021d are generally uniform in width and arranged in an elongated linear configuration at a location directly at a respective edge of the shelf panel 1024. That is, in the embodiment depicted in FIGS. 3 and 4, there is no non-hydrophobic area on the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024 between the spill containment pattern 1021 and the perimeter edge of the shelf panel 1024. In alternative embodiments, however, at least one of the strips 1021-1021d of the spill containment pattern 1021 depicted in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be offset inward from the perimeter edge of the shelf panel 1024 such that the shelf panel 1024 can include a non-hydrophobic area disposed between at least a portion of the spill containment pattern 1021 and the perimeter edge of the shelf panel 1024.
- the side edge containment strips 1021a, 1021b are disposed at substantially right angles relative to the front and rear edge containment strips 1021c, 1021d. So configured, the spill containment pattern 1021 of the
- FIGS. 3 and 4 forms a continuous, generally square, rectangular, and/or box-shape completely bounding, encircling, and/or enclosing the non-hydrophobic central portion 1025, which also has a generally square, rectangular, and/or box-shape.
- FIG. 3 also illustrates the concept that the hydrophobic surface 1030 will form a spill containment barrier.
- a soda can 1026 is illustrated as being turned on its side on the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024, and spilled liquid from the soda can 1026 is identified as liquid 1028.
- the spilled liquid 1028 is prevented from spilling downwardly onto other surfaces below the shelf, and the spilled liquid 1028 is contained to the non-hydrophobic central portion 1025 defined on the top surface 1023 of the shelf 1024.
- the spilled liquid 1028 is also prevented from seeping into cracks or crevices in a manner where substantial bacteria, mold, and other undesirable materials can form.
- components such as a plastic rim (or even a frame) may be completely unnecessary with the use of the hydrophobic surface 1030 to provide the spill containment feature.
- the shelf assembly 1020 depicted in FIGS. 3 and 4 maximizes the available useful shelf space since it does not include a plastic rim, a frame, or any other physical barrier or dam extending above the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024 for preventing liquids from spilling off of the shelf panel 1024.
- an alternative embodiment of the shelf assembly 1020 of the present disclosure can include the hydrophobic surface 1030 disposed on the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024 in a grid-like spill containment pattern 1021, as shown in FIG. 5.
- the grid- like spill containment pattern 1021 depicted in FIG. 5 includes a continuous frame-like border disposed at or around the outer perimeter of the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024. More specifically, the frame-like border of the spill containment pattern 1021 depicted in FIG.
- the grid-like spill containment pattern 1021 depicted in FIG. 5 includes two spaced apart longitudinal spill containment strips 1021e, 1021f and two spaced apart lateral spill containment strips 1021g, 1021h.
- the longitudinal spill containment strips 1021c, 1021d intersect the lateral spill containment strips 1021e, 1021f at generally right angles.
- the longitudinal spill containment strips 1021e, 1021f are parallel to each other, as well as parallel to the left and right side spill containment strips 1021a, 1021b.
- lateral spill containment strips 1021g, 1021h are parallel to each other, as well as parallel to the front and rear spill containment strips 1021c, 1021d.
- Other configurations are intended to be within the scope of the disclosure.
- the grid- like spill containment pattern 1021 of the embodiment of the shelf assembly 1020 of FIG. 5 defines first through ninth non-hydrophobic central portions 1025a- 1025i on the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024.
- Each of the non- hydrophobic central portions 1025a-1025i is completely bounded, encircled, and/or enclosed by four of the spill containment strips 1021a-1021h and is therefore square, rectangular, and/or box-shaped.
- FIG. 6 illustrates that each of the non-hydrophobic central portions 1025a- 1025i is capable of containing a liquid 1028 separate from the other non-hydrophobic central portions 1025a-1025i.
- FIG. 6 shows yet another embodiment of a shelf assembly 1020 constructed in accordance with the present disclosure and including a spill containment pattern 1021. Similar to the shelf assemblies 1020 described above with reference to FIGS. 3-5, the shelf assembly 1020 of FIG. 6 includes a continuous frame-like border of a hydrophobic surface 1030 disposed at or around the outer perimeter of the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024, thereby completely bounding, encircling, and/or enclosing a non-hydrophobic central portion 1025 of the shelf panel 1024. However, unlike the embodiments described above, the embodiment depicted in FIG. 6 includes a double-border
- the first hydrophobic surface border 1017 is disposed about the perimeter edge of the shelf panel 1024, and the second hydrophobic surface border 1019 is offset inwardly from the first hydrophobic surface border 1017.
- the first hydrophobic surface border 1017 includes parallel left and right side edge containment strips 1017a, 1017b, and parallel front and rear edge containment strips 1017c, 1017d.
- Each of the edge containment strips 1017a- 1017d of the first continuous hydrophobic surface border 1017 are generally uniform in width and arranged in an elongated linear configuration directly at the edge of the perimeter of the shelf panel 1024.
- the side edge containment strips 1017a, 1017b are disposed at right angles relative to the front and rear edge containment strips 1017c, 1017d.
- the first hydrophobic surface border 1017 forms a continuous generally square, rectangular, and/or box-shape completely bounding, encircling, and/or enclosing the non-hydrophobic central portion 1025, which is also generally square, rectangular, and/or box- shaped.
- the second continuous hydrophobic surface border 1019 includes parallel left and right side edge containment strips 1019a, 1019b, and parallel front and rear edge containment strips 1019c, 1019d.
- Each of the edge containment strips 1019a-1019d of the second hydrophobic surface border 1019 are generally uniform in width and arranged in an elongated linear configuration offset inwardly from the first hydrophobic surface border 1017.
- the side edge containment strips 1019a, 1019b are disposed at right angles relative to the front and rear edge containment strips 1019c, 1019d such that the second hydrophobic surface border 1019 forms a generally square, rectangular, and/or box- shape completely bounding, encircling, and/or enclosing the non-hydrophobic central portion 1025 of the shelf panel 1024.
- the first and second hydrophobic surface borders 1017, 1019 define a non-hydrophobic ring portion 1027 located between the two borders 1017, 1019.
- the non-hydrophobic ring portion 1027 can advantageously capture any spill overflow which might escape from the non-hydrophobic central portion 1025 and travel over the second hydrophobic surface border 1019.
- hydrophobic surfaces arranged in a spill containment pattern in accordance with the preferred embodiments eliminates the need for formed lips or ridges on the shelf s top surface, which reduces the amount of material used and the complexity of manufacturing, and, therefore, reduces the manufacturing cost.
- the relative amount of usable shelf space is increased, i.e., maximized, on the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024 in accordance with the preferred embodiments described herein.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 depict a shelf assembly 1020 including a pair of support brackets 100, only one of which is depicted, constructed in accordance with a first embodiment the present disclosure. Similar to the embodiments described above, the shelf assembly 1020 includes a flat shelf panel 1024 with a hydrophobic surface 1030 arranged and configured in a spill containment pattern 1021 on its top surface 1023.
- the spill containment pattern 1021 can resemble any of the patterns described above with respect to FIGS. 3-6, or otherwise.
- each bracket 100 includes a horizontal leg 104 and a vertical leg 102 extending downward from an inner edge 105 of the horizontal leg 104.
- the brackets 100 have a generally upside-down L- shaped cross-section.
- the brackets 100 of this embodiment are preferably constructed of metal, but could be constructed of plastic or any other foreseeable material.
- the vertical and horizontal legs 102, 104 are disposed at an angle of approximately 90° relative to each other.
- the horizontal leg 104 includes a substantially horizontal top surface 104a that corresponds to and supports a generally horizontal bottom surface 12a of a corresponding side perimeter portion 12 of the shelf panel 10.
- a layer of an adhesive material 106 is disposed between the top surfaces 104a of the horizontal legs 104 of the brackets 100 and the bottom surface 12a of the side perimeter portions 12 of the shelf panel 10 to adhere the shelf panel 10 to the brackets 100.
- the adhesive material 106 can include a clear acrylic UV-cured adhesive, a clear polyurethane hot melt, or any other adhesive material capable of serving the principles of the present disclosure. So configured, and as illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, no aspect of the brackets 100 extends above and/or over the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024.
- the brackets 100 are disposed entirely below the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024, e.g., entirely opposite the shelf panel 1024 from its top surface 1023. As such, the usable space on the top surface 1023 is maximized.
- each bracket 200 includes a horizontal leg 204 and a vertical leg 202 extending upward from an outer edge 205 of the horizontal leg 204. As such, the brackets 200 have a generally L-shaped cross-section.
- the vertical leg 202 may or may not extend beyond the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024.
- the brackets 200 of this embodiment can be constructed of plastic, metal, or any other suitable material.
- the vertical and horizontal legs 202, 204 are disposed at an angle of approximately 90° relative to each other.
- the horizontal leg 204 includes a substantially horizontal top surface 204a that corresponds to and supports a generally horizontal bottom surface 12a of a corresponding side perimeter portion 12 of the shelf panel 1024. Finally, a layer of an adhesive material 206 is disposed between the top surfaces 204a of the horizontal legs 204 of the brackets 200 and the bottom surface 12a of the
- the adhesive material 206 can include a clear acrylic UV-cured adhesive, a clear polyurethane hot melt, or any other adhesive material capable of serving the principles of the present disclosure. So configured, and as illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10, no aspect of the brackets 200 extends above and/or over the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024. That is, in this embodiment, the brackets 200 are disposed entirely below the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024. The horizontal legs 204 are disposed entirely opposite the shelf panel 1024 from its top surface 1023, and the vertical legs 202 are disposed entirely to the side of the shelf panel 1024. As such, the usable space on the top surface 1023 is maximized.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 depict a shelf assembly 1020 including a pair of support brackets 300 constructed in accordance with a third embodiment the present disclosure. Similar to the embodiments described above, the shelf assembly 1020 includes a flat shelf panel 1024 with a hydrophobic surface 130 arranged and configured in a spill
- the spill containment pattern 1021 on its top surface 1023 can resemble any of the patterns described above with respect to FIGS. 3-6, or otherwise.
- the brackets 300 are adapted to latch into ladder racks, for example, at the rear of an appliance such as a refrigerator in a conventional manner.
- Each bracket 300 includes an elongated top member 302 with a generally circular cross-section.
- the top member 302 includes a horizontal supporting surface 304 formed, for example, by forging, stamping, or crushing the round wire in a fixture. So configured, the supporting surface 304 corresponds to and supports a generally horizontal bottom surface 12a of a corresponding side perimeter portion 12 of the shelf panel 1024.
- the elongated top member 302 may not include the horizontal supporting surface 304, but rather, can have a perfectly circular cross-section providing a line of contact between the top member 302 and the shelf panel 1024.
- a layer of an adhesive material 306 is disposed between the top members 302 of the brackets 300 and the bottom surface 12a of the corresponding side perimeter portions 12 of the shelf panel 1024 to fix the shelf panel 10 to the brackets 300.
- the adhesive material 306 can include a clear acrylic UV-cured adhesive, a clear polyurethane hot melt, or any other adhesive material capable of serving the principles of the present disclosure. So configured, and as illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12, no aspect of the brackets 300 extends above and/or over the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024. That is, in this embodiment, the brackets 300 are disposed entirely below the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024, e.g., entirely opposite the shelf panel 1024 from its top surface 1023.
- FIGS. 13 and 14 depict a shelf assembly 1020 including a pair of support brackets 400, only one of which is shown, constructed in accordance with a fourth embodiment the present disclosure. Similar to the embodiments described above, the shelf assembly 1020 includes a flat shelf panel 1024 with a hydrophobic surface (not shown) arranged and configured in a spill containment pattern (not shown) on its top surface 1023.
- the spill containment pattern can resemble any of the patterns described above with respect to FIGS. 3-6, or otherwise.
- each bracket 400 includes a triangular shaped plate a vertical plate portion 402 and a horizontal plate portion 404, thereby having a generally L-shaped upper cross-section.
- the brackets 400 of this embodiment can be constructed of metal, plastic, or any other suitable material.
- the vertical and horizontal plate portions 402, 404 are disposed at an angle of approximately 90° relative to each other. So configured, the horizontal plate portion 404 includes a substantially horizontal top surface 404a that corresponds to and supports a generally horizontal bottom surface 12a of a corresponding side perimeter portion 12 of the shelf panel 1024.
- a layer of an adhesive material 406 is disposed between the top surfaces 404a of the horizontal plate portions 404 of the brackets 400 and the bottom surface 12a of the side perimeter portions 12 of the shelf panel 1024 to fix the shelf panel 1024 to the brackets 400.
- the adhesive material 406 can include a clear acrylic UV-cured adhesive, a clear polyurethane hot melt, or any other adhesive material capable of serving the principles of the present disclosure. So configured, and as illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, no aspect of the brackets 400 extends above and/or over the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024. That is, in this embodiment, the brackets 400 are disposed entirely below the shelf panel 1024, e.g., entirely opposite the shelf panel 1024 from its top surface 1023. As such, the usable space on the top surface 1023 is maximized.
- FIGS. 15-17 depict a shelf assembly 1020 including a pair of support brackets 500 constructed in accordance with a fifth embodiment the present disclosure. Similar to the embodiments described above, the shelf assembly 1020 includes a flat shelf panel 1024 with a hydrophobic surface (not shown) arranged and configured in a spill containment pattern (not shown) on its top surface 1023.
- the spill containment pattern can resemble any of the patterns described above with respect to FIGS. 3-6, or otherwise.
- each bracket 500 includes a metal tri-angular shaped plate portion 502 and a plastic supporting rail 504.
- the supporting rail 504 includes an elongated recess 504a receiving an elongated top edge 502a of the plate portion 502.
- the supporting rail 504 is immovably fixed to the plate portion 502 by snap-fit or adhesion, for example.
- the supporting rail 504 includes a substantially horizontal top surface 504b that corresponds to and supports a corresponding generally horizontal bottom surface 12a of the shelf panel 1024.
- the bottom surfaces 12a of the side perimeter portions 12 of the shelf panel 1024 are adhered to the top surfaces 504b of the supporting rails 504 with an adhesive material (not shown) to fix the shelf panel 10 to the brackets 500.
- the adhesive material can include a clear acrylic UV-cured adhesive, a clear polyurethane hot melt, or any other adhesive material capable of serving the principles of the present disclosure. So configured, and as illustrated in FIGS. 15-17, no aspect of the brackets 500 extends above and/or over the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024. That is, in this embodiment, the brackets 500 are disposed entirely below the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024, e.g., entirely opposite the shelf panel 1024 from its top surface 1023. As such, the usable space on the top surface 1023 is maximized.
- FIG. 18 depicts a portion of a shelf assembly 1020 including a pair of support brackets 600, only one of which is shown, constructed in accordance with a sixth embodiment the present disclosure. Similar to the embodiments described above, the shelf assembly 1020 includes a flat shelf panel 1024 with a hydrophobic surface (not shown) arranged and configured in a spill containment pattern (not shown) on its top surface 1023.
- the spill containment pattern can resemble any of the patterns described above with respect to FIGS. 3-6, or otherwise.
- the support brackets 600 are adapted to support opposing side perimeter portions 12 of a flat shelf panel 1024 in a manner generally the same as those described above.
- Each bracket 600 includes a vertical plate portion 602 and a horizontal plate portion 604, thereby having a generally upside-down L-shaped cross-section.
- the vertical and horizontal plate portions 602, 604 are disposed at an angle of approximately 90° relative to each other.
- the horizontal plate portion 604 includes a curved concave profile defining an elongated channel 608 in its topside and extending along the length thereof.
- a layer of an adhesive material (not shown) is disposed in the channel 608 between the bracket 600 and a bottom surface 12a of the side perimeter portions 12 of the shelf panel 1024.
- channel 608 of the embodiment depicted above is formed by the horizontal plate portion 604 being curved
- the channel 608 could alternatively be formed simply by having a recess in the top surface of the horizontal plate portion 604. So configured, the bottom surface of the horizontal plate portion 604 does not necessarily have to be curved, as illustrated.
- This channel concept for receiving adhesive could be applied to any of the support brackets described above with reference to FIGS. 7-17.
- the horizontal legs 104, 204, 404 of the brackets 100, 200, 400 depicted in FIGS. 7 and 8, FIGS. 9 and 10, and FIGS. 13 and 14, respectively could include channels disposed in the top surfaces 104a, 204a, 304a thereof for receiving adhesive.
- the top members 302 of the brackets 300 depicted in FIGS. 11 and 12 could include channels disposed in top surfaces thereof for receiving adhesive. In the embodiment depicted in FIGS. 11 and 12, the channels could be formed directly into the horizontal supporting surfaces 304 of the top members 302 of the brackets 300.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 the channels could be formed directly into the horizontal supporting surfaces 304 of the top members 302 of the brackets 300.
- any of the foregoing shelf brackets 100-600 can be constructed of any one or more of a variety of materials such as metal, plastic, etc. and they may be attached to the shelf panel 1024 using any one or more of a variety of different adhesives, or other attachment means.
- the process and/or method for assembling these components can also include a variety of variations.
- the brackets described with reference to Figs. 7 and 8 could be constructed of a sheet metal with an epoxy polyester hybrid powder disposed on them.
- the brackets are placed into a fixture and the adhesive, which can include Loctite 3494 acrylic UV/Visible light-cured adhesive, is applied to the top surface of the brackets automatically.
- the glass shelf panel is then placed into the fixture on top of the adhesive and a clamping pressure is applied to the top of the glass shelf panel.
- the adhesive "wets out,” i.e., the adhesive spreads out to a thickness of about 0.006" to about 0.010" thick.
- the parts are then passed under a mercury UV lamp (wavelength of about 365nm, at about 200-400 watts per inch) for about 12-18 seconds, with the adhesive being disposed about 5.5" to about 6" away from the lamp. Once the adhesive is cured, the clamping pressure is removed and the assembly can be removed from the fixture.
- a mercury UV lamp wavelength of about 365nm, at about 200-400 watts per inch
- a hot-melt polyurethane adhesive can be used to secure the shelf panel to the brackets.
- the brackets are placed into a fixture, and a melted polyurethane adhesive is applied instead of the UV cured adhesive described above.
- the part is again clamped as the adhesive quick-sets. No lights are needed.
- the assembly can then be removed from the fixture.
- an adhesive tape such as 3M VHB tape
- 3M VHB tape can be used instead of a liquid adhesive.
- This tape would be placed onto either the underside of the glass shelf panel or on the top surface of the support brackets. Protective paper would then be removed from the tape, and the glass shelf panel and the support brackets can be joined together in a fixture, similar to that described above. A small amount of pressure is applied to the glass shelf panel to set the tape, and then the assembly can be removed from the fixture.
- the shelf assemblies 1020 described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, and FIGS. 9 and 10 include support brackets 100, 200, respectively, that are adapted to be slidably supported on ribs formed in the side panels of an appliance such as a refrigerator.
- Such slidable shelf assemblies 1020 can benefit from the incorporation of rear and front trim components.
- FIGS. 19-22 illustrate one embodiment of such a slidable shelf assembly 1020 including, for the sake of illustration only, the support brackets 100 described above with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the shelf assembly 1020 of FIGS. 19- 22 could equally include the support brackets 200 described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.
- the shelf assembly 1020 includes a completely flat glass shelf panel 1024, a pair of opposing support brackets 100, a front trim component 14, and a rear trim component 16.
- the support brackets 100 are adhered to the bottom of the side edges of the shelf panel 1024 for slidably supporting the shelf panel 1024 within a refrigerator in a manner identical to that described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the front trim component 14 includes an elongated plastic member with a length substantially identical to the width of the shelf panel 1024. As shown in more detail in FIG. 21 the front trim component 14 includes a generally U-shaped attachment portion 18 and a lip portion 20 extending outward from the attachment portion 18.
- the attachment portion 18 defines an elongated channel 22 with a plurality of barbed ribs 24 formed on both the upper and lower legs 18a, 18b of the attachment portion 18 and extending into the channel 22.
- the channel 22 receives the front edge of the shelf panel 1024 such that the barbed ribs 24 frictionally engage the panel 1024 and fix the front trim component 14 thereto.
- the front trim component 14 and, more particularly, the lip portion 20 of the front trim component 18 serves as a "bumper,” for example, to prevent bottles or other glass objects that are being loaded into the refrigerator from impacting the bare glass edge of the shelf panel 1024 and breaking the same.
- the rear trim component 16 of the shelf assembly 1020 is illustrated as being substantially identical to the front trim component 14, but without the lip portion extending outward. Instead, the rear trim component 16 merely includes a generally U-shaped attachment portion 26 having upper and lower legs 26a, 26b.
- the attachment portion 26 defines an elongated channel 28 with a plurality of barbed ribs 30 formed only on the upper leg 26a of the attachment portion 26.
- the channel 28 receives the rear edge of the shelf panel 1024 such that the barbed ribs 30 frictionally engage the shelf panel 1024 and fix the rear trim component 16 thereto. So configured, the rear trim component 16 serves as a "stopper" to prevent items stored on the back portion of the shelf panel 1024 from sliding off of the shelf panel 1024 in the event that a user abruptly slides the shelf assembly 1020 out of the refrigerator.
- FIG. 21 depicts a front trim component 14 that is U-shaped and receives the front edge of the shelf panel 1024
- FIG. 23 illustrates an alternative front trim component 32.
- the trim component 32 extends generally the length of and is fixed to the front edge of the shelf panel 1024 with a layer of adhesive 34.
- the front trim component 32 includes a generally L-shaped cross-section and includes a horizontal leg 36 and a vertical leg 38 disposed at an angle of approximately 90° relative to the horizontal leg 36.
- the front trim component 32 is preferably constructed of a plastic material such that the vertical leg 38 thereof can absorb the impact of glass bottles being loaded into the refrigerator, for example, and prevent breakage. While the trim component 32 in FIG.
- trim component 32 depicted in FIG. 23 is described as being constructed of plastic, other materials are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
- One advantage of the trim component 32 depicted in FIG. 23 is that it does not interfere with, encroach upon, or otherwise obstruct the top surface 1023 of the shelf panel 1024. As such, the available space on the top surface 1023 is maximized while also providing the "bumper" function.
- the shelves having a hydrophobic spill containment pattern of various embodiments of the present disclosure were tested to determine that amount of water that could be retained on the shelf without failure (i.e. leakage). To accommodate for variations in the area of the shelves, which would affect the volume of liquid retained, the amount of retained water was measured as the height of the water retained in the non- hydrophobic region. Testing was completed by first leveling the shelf using a leveling apparatus. The shelf can be placed over a tray to catch any leakage from the shelf. The test water had a temperature in a range of 32°F to 50°F. Water was poured slowly so as not to cause "waves" or splashes" onto the geometric center of the non-hydrophobic region.
- water can be poured onto the shelf using a small funnel. A screw can be inserted into the funnel to baffle the flow, if needed. Water can be introduced into the funnel in about 5 mm or about 10 mm increments. Water volume was measured prior to pouring onto the shelf, using, for example, graduated cylinders. Water was poured onto the shelf at a distance of about 1 mm to about 2 mm above the shelf. The shelf was continually filled with water until overflow just began to occur. The height of the water retained on the shelf was then determined by dividing the volume of water poured onto the shelf just prior to overflow by the area of the non-hydrophobic region.
- Shelves prepared with a hydrophobic spill containment pattern using an acid etch surface treatment and tridecafluoro-l,l,2,2-tetrahydrooctyl trichlorosilane as the hydrophobic solution were also tested for water height retention.
- Acid etching was performed using Armour Etch ® Glass Etching Cream.
- Shelves were prepared by etching for about 3 minutes to about 6 minutes.
- Example 25 was etched twice using an etching time of from 3 to 6 minutes for each etching process. Specifically, a first etching procedure was performed by applying the etching solution to the substrate, allowing it to remain on the substrate for about 3 minutes to about 6 minutes, and washing the etching solution from the surface of the substrate.
- a second etching procedure was then performed by again applying the etching solution, allowing it to remain on the substrate for about 3 minutes to about 6 minutes, and washing the etching solution from the surface.
- the fluorosilane was applied and the shelf was baked for about 20 minutes at 200°F.
- the shelves were first tested for water height retention shortly after having the hydrophobic spill containment pattern was formed and cooled. The shelves were then retested sometime after the first test. As shown in the data below, in general, the water height retention properties of the shelves improved after the first testing. Without intending to be bound by theory, it is believed that when the spill containment pattern is first contact with water after formation, additionally silicon oxide groups remaining on the surface of silane and/or the surface-modified substrate by hydrolyzed by the water, thereby creating additional bonding sites between the silane and the surface-modified substrate and improving the hydrophobic nature of the spill containment pattern.
- the average water height of the acid etch samples was about 5.18 mm.
- the average water height of the acid etched shelves, which were etched for about 3 minutes was about 5.18 mm.
- the average water height of the acid etched shelves, which were etched for about 4 minutes was about 5.19 mm.
- the average water height of the acid etched shelves, which were etched for about 5 minutes was about 5.18 mm.
- the average water height of the acid etched shelves, which were etched for about 6 minutes was about 5.19 mm. Examples No. 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
- the shelves having a hydrophobic spill containment pattern of various embodiments of the present disclosure were tested to determine the ability of the shelf to retain a spill (simulated by water) following repeated abrasion of the hydrophobic treatment.
- the amount of water retained by the shelf before failure was measured before any abrasions were applied using the method described above and the height of the retained water was calculated.
- a one quart glass jar was used to make abrasions by placing it on the hydrophobic region and sliding the jar horizontally along the surface of the shelf until the jar has passed over the entire hydrophobic region. The jar was then slide back to its original position, passing over the hydrophobic surface once more. The forward and backward motion of the jar is defined as one jar abrasion cycle.
- a shelf having a hydrophobic spill containment pattern formed from a ceramic frit and a hydrophobic compound did not lose effectiveness for retaining water in the non-hydrophobic region of the shelf after 300 abrasion cycles.
- Shelves having a hydrophobic spill containment pattern formed by acid etching the substrate and applying the hydrophobic compound to the acid etched region showed some loss of effectiveness after 300 abrasion cycles.
- the shelves having a hydrophobic spill containment pattern of various embodiments of the present disclosure were tested to determine the ability of the shelf to retain a spill (water) following repeated cleaning cycles.
- a cleaning cycle is defined as five forward and backward motions of the cleaning product/applicator perpendicular to the hydrophobic treatment with a consistent 2 kg load.
- the Windex/paper towel cleaning method was prepared by saturating a 5 inch square of paper towel with Windex Original formula so that the paper towel was completely wet, but not dripping.
- the Dawn dish soap/cotton dish cloth method was performed using a solution containing 2 ml of Dawn dish soap in one liter of room temperature water. The cotton dish cloth was then dipped in the solution and applied to the shelf.
- the Formula 409/sponge method was performed by cutting a sponge into an approximately 1 inch by 1 inch square and saturating the sponge with Formula 409 All Purpose Cleaner.
- the Clorox wipe method was performed using a Clorox Wipe folded into a 1 inch by 1 inch square. All methods were performed using a 2 kg mass applied to the applicator.
- a shelf having a hydrophobic pattern formed from a ceramic frit and a hydrophobic compound did not lose effectiveness after 30 cleaning cycles.
- Shelves having a hydrophobic spill containment pattern formed by acid etching the glass substrate and applying a hydrophobic compound to the etched portion minimally lost effectiveness after 30 cleaning cycles.
- Stain resistance of a shelf having a hydrophobic spill containment pattern in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure was tested against a variety of staining agents, including, spaghetti sauce, canned beets, grape juice, yellow mustard, butter, Italian dressing, cherry Kool-Aid, and Soy sauce.
- staining agents including, spaghetti sauce, canned beets, grape juice, yellow mustard, butter, Italian dressing, cherry Kool-Aid, and Soy sauce.
- Each staining agent was applied to approximately one inch areas of the shelf, including a portion of the hydrophobic spill containment pattern and the non-hydrophobic region, and then allowed to stand for approximately 72 hours. The majority of the dried material was then wiped from the shelf with a paper towel and clean wash cloth containing a mixture of water and Dawn dish soap was used to remove any remnants of the material.
- a shelf having a hydrophobic still containment pattern formed from a ceramic frit and a hydrophobic compound in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure was sta
- the hydrophobic surface arranged in a spill containment pattern in accordance with the preferred embodiments provides a spill containment feature which prevents spilled liquids from leaking off of the top surface of the shelf, and shelves in accordance with the preferred embodiments can be used in various
- shelf members or other support surfaces having a hydrophobic spill containment surfaces could be used in various settings, such as shelving in other settings, tables, countertops or the like, and are not limited to use as refrigerator shelves.
- any method which may be used for creating a hydrophobic surface arranged in a spill containment pattern in substantially the same plane as the top surface of the shelf member is within the scope of the disclosure described herein, even if such method requires the use of multiple pieces to manufacture the shelf member.
- a frame of hydrophobic material may be bonded to the shelf member such that it forms a continuous border which is generally in the same plane as the top surface of the shelf.
- a shelf assembly comprising: a shelf panel having a completely flat top surface which is capable of supporting articles which may be placed on said shelf panel; a hydrophobic surface arranged in a spill containment pattern on the said top surface; wherein the majority of the surface area of said top surface of the shelf panel is not hydrophobic, thereby providing one or more non-hydrophobic central portions bounded by said spill containment pattern of said hydrophobic surface.
- Aspect 2 The shelf assembly of Aspect 1, wherein said spill containment pattern is a continuous border which defines a single non-hydrophobic central portion within said border.
- Aspect 3 The shelf assembly of any one of Aspects 1 or 2, wherein said spill containment pattern is a continuous border located near the perimeter of the top surface of the shelf panel.
- Aspect 4 The shelf assembly of any one of Aspects 1 or 2, wherein said spill containment pattern is located along the perimeter of the top surface of the shelf panel.
- Aspect 5 The shelf assembly of any one of the preceding Aspects, wherein said spill containment pattern comprises a first continuous border and a second continuous border spaced from said first continuous border, the first continuous border located along the perimeter of the top surface of the shelf panel, and the second continuous border spaced inwardly from said first continuous border such that the second continuous border completely bounds a non-hydrophobic central portion of the top surface of the shelf panel, and the first and second continuous borders together define between them area non-hydrophobic ring portion for containing overflow from said non- hydrophobic central portion.
- Aspect 6 The shelf assembly of any one of the preceding Aspects, wherein said spill containment pattern is in the form of a grid pattern on the top surface of the shelf panel and wherein said grid pattern defines a plurality of non-hydrophobic central portions on the top surface of the shelf panel, each of the plurality of non-hydrophobic central portions completely bounded by the grid pattern.
- Aspect 9 The shelf assembly of Aspect 8, wherein the shelf panel is glass.
- Aspect 10 The shelf assembly of Aspect 7, wherein the hydrophobic surface is transparent.
- Aspect 11 The shelf assembly of any one of the preceding Aspects, wherein at least some portion of the hydrophobic surface is colored.
- Aspect 12 The shelf assembly of Aspect 11, wherein the hydrophobic surface contains a colored portion in a form chosen from the group consisting of a pattern, a company name, a company logo and combinations thereof.
- Aspect 13 The shelf assembly of any one of the preceding Aspects, wherein the hydrophobic surface comprises: a ceramic frit layer adjacent to and bonded to the top surface of said shelf panel; and a hydrophobic compound coated over the ceramic frit layer.
- Aspect 14 The shelf assembly of Aspect 13, wherein said ceramic frit layer contains additive particles that create roughness in a top surface of the ceramic frit layer.
- Aspect 15 The shelf assembly of any one of Aspects 13 or 14, wherein at least a portion of said ceramic frit layer is colored.
- Aspect 16 The shelf assembly of any one of the preceding Aspects, wherein said hydrophobic surface comprises a hydrophobic coating over a roughened area in the surface of said shelf panel.
- Aspect 17 The shelf assembly of Aspect 16, wherein said roughened area is made by etching the surface with acid.
- Aspect 18 The shelf assembly of Aspect 16, wherein said roughened area is made by binding particles to surface of the shelf panel.
- Aspect 19 The shelf assembly of any one of the preceding Aspects, wherein said hydrophobic surface comprises a coating of hydrophobic particles on the surface of said shelf panel.
- Aspect 20 The shelf assembly of any one of the preceding Aspects, wherein said hydrophobic surface comprises a hydrophobic compound applied over or within the matrix of a cured sol gel composition.
- Aspect 21 The shelf assembly of any one of the preceding Aspects, wherein said hydrophobic surface comprises a metal oxide primer with an integrated hydrophobic compound.
- Aspect 22 The shelf assembly of any one of the preceding Aspects, wherein said hydrophobic surface comprises a hydrophobic coating applied over a metal oxide primer.
- Aspect 23 The shelf assembly of any one of the preceding Aspects, wherein said hydrophobic surface comprises a hydrophobic compound comprising a variety of molecular chain lengths to create a coating with surface irregularities.
- Aspect 24 The shelf assembly of any one of the preceding Aspects, wherein the hydrophobic surface arranged in the spill containment pattern has a thickness in the range of approximately 0.001 microns to approximately 250 microns.
- Aspect 25 The shelf assembly of any one of the preceding Aspects, wherein the hydrophobic surface comprises a hydrophobic compound selected from the group consisting of fluorocarbons, fluoroalkyl silanes, fluoroalkoxy silanes, fluoroalkyl alkyl silanes, and combinations thereof.
- a method of manufacturing a shelf capable of containing liquid spills thereon comprising: providing a panel having a generally flat top surface which is capable of supporting articles which may be placed on said panel; applying a hydrophobic surface arranged in a spill containment pattern generally in the plane of said top surface; leaving the majority of the surface area of said top surface of the panel non- hydrophobic, thereby providing one or more non-hydrophobic central portions bounded by the spill containment pattern of the hydrophobic surface.
- Aspect 27 The method of Aspect 26, wherein applying a hydrophobic surface comprises: applying a ceramic frit to the top surface of the panel in a spill containment pattern; curing the ceramic frit to couple the ceramic frit to the top surface of the panel; applying a hydrophobic compound to the cured ceramic frit; and curing the hydrophobic compound.
- Aspect 28 The method of Aspect 27, wherein curing the ceramic frit comprises heating the ceramic frit to a temperature in a range of about 1000°F to about 1400°F.
- Aspect 29 The method of Aspect 27 or 28, wherein curing the hydrophobic compound comprises heating the hydrophobic compound to a temperature in a range of about 100°F to about 600°F.
- Aspect 30 The method of Aspect 27 or 28, wherein curing the hydrophobic compound comprises exposing the hydrophobic compound to ambient temperature.
- Aspect 31 The method of any one of Aspect 27 to 30, wherein applying the hydrophobic compound comprises applying a hydrophobic solution comprising the hydrophobic compound dispersed or dissolved in a solvent to the cured ceramic frit.
- Aspect 32 The method of any one of Aspect 27 to 31, further comprising etching the cured ceramic frit with an etching solution prior to applying the hydrophobic compound to the cured ceramic frit.
- Aspect 33 The method of any one of Aspect 27 to 31, further comprising etching the entire panel including the cured ceramic frit prior to applying the hydrophobic compound to the cured ceramic frit.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA2769436A CA2769436C (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Spill containing refrigerator shelf assembly |
CN201080036561.7A CN102483297B (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Hold the refrigerating chamber shelf assembly overflowed |
EP19189977.2A EP3598043B1 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Spill containing refrigerator shelf assembly |
MX2012001781A MX2012001781A (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Spill containing refrigerator shelf assembly. |
ES10757348T ES2745860T3 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Set of refrigerator shelves for spill containment |
EP20208002.4A EP3798558A1 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Spill containing refrigerator shelf assembly |
EP10757348.7A EP2478310B1 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Spill containing refrigerator shelf assembly |
KR1020127004614A KR101877474B1 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Spill containing refrigerator shelf assembly |
BR112012006003-1A BR112012006003B1 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | REFRIGERATOR SHELF SET CONTAINING SPILL |
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US12/562,920 | 2009-09-18 | ||
US12/562,920 US8286561B2 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-09-18 | Spill containing refrigerator shelf assembly |
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WO2011034835A3 WO2011034835A3 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
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EP (3) | EP3598043B1 (en) |
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